TABLE 1.
Characteristics of the Included Cases According to the HHV-8 Endemicity Status of the Region From Which They Originated
| Characteristics | All Casesa | Cases From Regions in Which HHV-8 Is Not Endemicb | Cases From Regions in Which HHV-8 Is Endemicb | P Value When Comparing Cases From Endemic and Nonendemic HHV-8 Regionsc |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male | 20 (63) | 9 (45) | 11 (55) | .2 |
| Age (years) | 10.0 (±5.0) | 11.7 (±5.1) | 8.0 (± 4.3) | .008 |
| Clinical features | ||||
| Mass(es) | 8 (25) | 2 (25) | 6 (75) | .1 |
| HSM/HM/SM | 25 (78) | 10 (40)d | 15 (60) | .03 |
| Inflammatory syndromee | 18 (56) | 4 (22)d | 14 (78) | < .001 |
| Renal involvementf | 9 (28) | 4 (44) | 5 (56) | .7 |
| Ascites, edema | 6 (19) | 5 (83) | 1 (17) | .07 |
| Hematologic disorders | 20 (63) | 12 (60) | 8 (40) | .1 |
| Anemia | 20 (63) | 12 (60) | 8 (40) | .1 |
| AIHA | 9 (28) | 5 (56) | 4 (44) | .7 |
| Thrombocytopenia | 11 (34) | 9 (82) | 2 (18) | .009 |
| Neutropenia | 2 (6) | 2 (100) | 0 (0) | .1 |
| Lung diseasesg | 4 (13) | 3 (75) | 1 (25) | .3 |
| Skin involvement (rash) | 7 (22) | 5 (71) | 2 (29) | .2 |
| Arthritis/arthralgia | 3 (9) | 1 (33) | 2 (67) | .5 |
| Cerebral involvement | 3 (9) | 0 (0) | 3 (100) | .07 |
| Hepatitis | 7 (22) | 5 (71) | 2 (29) | .2 |
| Uveitis | 1 (3) | 0 (0) | 1 (100) | .3 |
| Sinusitis | 1 (3) | 1 (100) | 0 (0) | .3 |
| Cancer occurrence | 4 (13) | 0 (0)d | 4 (100) | .03 |
| Lymphoma occurrenceh | 2 (6) | 0 (0) | 2 (100) | .1 |
| Kaposi sarcoma | 2 (6) | 0 (0) | 2 (100) | .1 |
| Death | 3 (9) | 1 (33) | 2 (67) | .5 |
| Histologic features | ||||
| Hyaline vascular type | 10 (32) | 7 (70) | 3 (30) | .3d |
| Plasma cell type | 15 (48) | 8 (53) | 7 (47) | |
| Mixed type | 6 (19) | 2 (33) | 4 (67) |
AIHA, autoimmune hemolytic anemia; HM, hepatomegaly; HSM, hepatosplenomegaly; SM, splenomegaly.
Values are expressed in n (%), with the percentage calculated using the total number of cases (n = 32); age is expressed as a mean value (± SD).
Values are expressed in n (%), with the percentage calculated from the number of cases with the corresponding characteristics; age is expressed as a mean value (± SD). HHV-8 was considered to be endemic to the following regions: Africa, Oman, and the Mediterranean region (Turkey, Jordan, Italy, Israel, and Spain).
χ2 or nonparametric tests were carried out.
Comparing the 3 histologic types together.
Clinical (fever, fatigue, loss of wt, growth retardation, etc) and/or biological inflammatory syndrome.
Three cases of glomerulonephritis, and 2 of nephrotic syndrome.
Two cases of pneumonia, 1 of pleural effusion, and 1 of respiratory distress syndrome before death.
One was a B-cell lymphoma, the other was a T-cell lymphoma.