Table 2.
Multivariate logistic regressions testing factors associated with depression (CES-D)
| Model 1 OR (95% CI) | Model 2 OR (95% CI) | Model 3 OR (95% CI) | Model 4 OR (95% CI) | Model 5 OR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Carer type (AIDS-orphan and Other-orphan vs. Non-orphan carers) | 1.39** (1.11–1.74) | 1.47** (1.16–1.85) | 1.40** (1.09–1.79) | 1.37* (1.06–1.77) | 1.32* (1.02–1.71) |
| Care provision variables | |||||
| Social support from family1 | 0.90 (0.70–1.19) | 0.99 (0.73–1.34) | 0.99 (0.73–1.34) | 0.91 (0.66–1.24) | |
| Social support from friends1 | 1.16 (0.92–1.45) | 1.08 (0.85–1.37) | 1.07 (0.85–1.37) | 1.12 (0.88–1.43) | |
| Social support from significant others1 | 0.92 (0.68–1.23) | 0.97 (0.70–1.33) | 0.98 (0.71–1.35) | 1.00 (0.72–1.40) | |
| Number of children | 0.80 (0.63–1.01) | 0.77* (0.60–0.99) | 0.83 (0.64–1.08) | 0.79 (0.60–1.03) | |
| Household variables | |||||
| Economic asset index2 | 1.03 (0.72–1.49) | 1.02 (0.71–1.49) | 0.97 (0.67–1.42) | ||
| Source of income2 | 0.51** (0.40–0.65) | 0.50** (0.39–0.65) | 0.55** (0.42–0.71) | ||
| Toilet facilities3 | 0.84 (0.58–1.21) | 0.83 (0.57–1.20) | 0.84 (0.58–1.23) | ||
| Household food insecurity3 | 3.42** (2.63–4.46) | 3.57** (2.74–4.66) | 3.51** (2.68–4.61) | ||
| Source of water3 | 0.72* (0.53–0.98) | 0.73* (0.54–0.98) | 0.73* (0.54–0.99) | ||
| Potable water3 | 0.69 (0.17–2.71) | 0.67 (0.17–2.69) | 0.62 (0.15–2.56) | ||
| Dwelling Type4 | 0.83 (0.60–1.13) | 0.81 (0.58–1.11) | 0.82 (0.60–1.14) | ||
| Policy variables | |||||
| Old age pension3 | 0.98 (0.70–1.38) | 0.77 (0.54–1.09) | |||
| Disability grant3 | 0.98 (0.65–1.47) | 0.81 (0.54–1.23) | |||
| Housing grant3 | 0.57* (0.33–0.98) | 0.62 (0.36–1.07) | |||
| Child support grant3 | 0.76* (0.58–0.99) | 0.83 (0.63–1.11) | |||
| Foster care grant3 | 1.22 (0.67–2.21) | 1.13 (0.62–2.08) | |||
| Socio-demographic cofactors | |||||
| Age | 1.39 (0.97–1.99) | ||||
| Gender 5 | 1.98** (1.51–2.60) | ||||
| Education6 | 0.82 (0.63–1.06) | ||||
*
Denotes significance at p<.05 level.
**
Denotes significance at p<.01 level
1
Measured on a 84-point scale; higher values reflect more social support
2
Dichotomous variable calculated based on mean value; higher values reflect more household assets/income; 1=high, 0=low
3
Dichotomous variable; 1=yes, 0=no
4
Dichotomous variable; 1=formal dwelling, 0=informal dwelling
5
Dichotomous variable; 1=female, 0=male
6
Dichotomous variable calculated based on mean value; higher values reflect more education