Table 2.
Clinical Features in Relation to Symptom Severity Groups
| Measure | Analyses |
|||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline QIDS-SR16 |
Bonferroni Correction |
|||||||||||
| Mild N=81 |
Moderate N=238 |
Severe N=260 |
Very severe N=67 |
Test statistic | p- value |
Mild vs. Moderate |
Mild vs. Severe |
Mild vs. Very severe |
Moderate vs. Severe |
Moderate vs. Very severe |
Severe vs. Very severe |
|
| % | % | % | % | |||||||||
| Body mass index | χ2(9)=8.02 | 0.5317 | ||||||||||
| Normal/underweight (<25) | 27.2 | 23.9 | 24.8 | 33.3 | ||||||||
| Overweight (25–29.9) | 21.0 | 30.3 | 29.8 | 24.2 | ||||||||
| Obese I (30–34.9) | 28.4 | 18.5 | 19.8 | 18.2 | ||||||||
| Obese II & III (35+) | 23.5 | 27.3 | 25.6 | 24.2 | ||||||||
| Menopausal* | 39.0 | 31.3 | 31.7 | 33.3 | χ2(3)=0.97 | 0.8079 | ||||||
| Age at first episode <18 | 32.1 | 41.4 | 49.4 | 52.2 | χ2(3)=10.16 | 0.0173 | 0.1405 | 0.0063 | 0.0132 | 0.0714 | 0.1127 | 0.6809 |
| At least 1 prior episode | 75.3 | 75.1 | 80.3 | 79.1 | χ2(3)=2.28 | 0.5171 | ||||||
| Ever attempted suicide | 7.7 | 12.2 | 15.4 | χ2(3)=13.99 | 0.0029 | 0.0090 | 0.0002 | 0.0003 | 0.1007 | 0.0613 | 0.4943 | |
| Lifetime severity of suicidally | p <0.01 | <.0001 | 0.0297 | <.0001 | <.0001 | <.0001 | <.0001 | 0.0967 | ||||
| None | 52.6 | 39.5 | 20.9 | 13.8 | ||||||||
| Thoughts of dying | 25.6 | 28.3 | 28.7 | 18.5 | ||||||||
| Suicidal thoughts | 11.5 | 9.9 | 18.9 | 24.6 | ||||||||
| Specific method | 9.0 | 6.4 | 11.4 | 12.3 | ||||||||
| Plan/gesture | 5.6 | 6.7 | 9.2 | |||||||||
| Preparation | 1.3 | 2.6 | 1.2 | 6.2 | ||||||||
| Attempt | 7.7 | 12.2 | 15.4 | |||||||||
| Neglected before age 18 | 21.0 | 30.7 | 43.5 | 49.3 | χ2(3)=22.03 | <.0001 | 0.0943 | 0.0003 | 0.0003 | 0.0032 | 0.0048 | 0.3951 |
| Emotionally abused before age 18 | 23.5 | 32.4 | 47.3 | 55.2 | χ2(3)=27.34 | <.0001 | 0.1316 | 0.0001 | <.0001 | 0.0007 | 0.0006 | 0.2477 |
| Physically abused before age 18 | 9.9 | 17.2 | 23.5 | 26.9 | χ2(3)=10.31 | 0.0161 | 0.1130 | 0.0079 | 0.0069 | 0.0851 | 0.0777 | 0.5616 |
| Sexually abused before age 18 | 16.0 | 16.0 | 25.4 | 35.8 | χ2(3)=15.85 | 0.0012 | 0.9974 | 0.0821 | 0.0057 | 0.0105 | 0.0004 | 0.0881 |
| Abused before age 18 | 30.9 | 39.7 | 54.2 | 64.2 | χ2(3)=26.99 | <.0001 | 0.1578 | 0.0002 | <.0001 | 0.0012 | 0.0004 | 0.1433 |
| Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | |||||||||
| Age at first episode | 29.0 (14.1) | 26.1 (14.8) | 21.0 (12.8) | 22.0 (13.2) | χ2(3)=27.86 | <.0001 | 0.0873 | <.0001 | 0.0017 | 0.0002 | 0.0323 | 0.7160 |
| Years since first episode | 17.5 (13.9) | 18.1 (14.0) | 19.8 (13.2) | 19.6 (13.9) | χ2(3)=5.39 | 0.1455 | ||||||
| Number of prior episodes | 4.9 (8.0) | 7.5 (17.1) | 10.8 (22.5) | 10.9 (24.1) | χ2(3)=4.11 | 0.2498 | ||||||
| Number of suicide attempts | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.12 (0.47) | 0.41 (1.99) | 0.32 (0.95) | χ2(3)=14.36 | 0.0025 | 0.0116 | 0.0012 | 0.0003 | 0.0803 | 0.0512 | 0.5152 |
| Age neglected | 7.9 (4.2) | 7.6 (4.2) | 6.9 (4.2) | 7.1 (4.8) | F(3, 230)=0.53 | 0.6617 | ||||||
| Age emotionally abused | 9.6 (3.1) | 8.1 (4.0) | 7.4 (4.1) | 7.8 (4.9) | F(3, 248)=1.64 | 0.1816 | ||||||
| Age physically abused | 11.4 (2.8) | 7.9 (3.4) | 6.8 (3.9) | 7.7 (4.3) | F(3, 121)=3.74 | 0.0130 | 0.0099 | 0.0019 | 0.0384 | 0.1425 | 0.8667 | 0.3815 |
| Age sexually abused | 9.5 (4.0) | 9.3 (4.0) | 9.2 (4.0) | 8.1 (4.4) | F(3, 137)=0.56 | 0.6422 | ||||||
Note: Chi-square for continuous measures indicates Kruskal-Wallis test
Bold indicates significant (p <.05 for uncorrected analyses, p <.0083 for after Bonferroni correction.QIDS-SR16 categories: mild = 0–10, moderate = 11–15, severe = 16–20, very severe = 21–27.
*
Denominator is number of women (see Table 1).
Abbreviations: QIDS-SR16, 16 item quick inventory of depressive symptomatology – self-rated.