Figure 1. Rapid release of cytokines from epithelial cells cultured with ALT-E.

(A, B) NHBE cells were cultured with PBS, ALT-E or other allergens for 15 min, and released cytokines were quantified. T. Alder, Tag Alder; S. Ragweed, Short Ragweed (n = 5 wells per treatment group). (C) BALF cytokine levels in naïve mice 60 min after challenge with 20 µg ALT-E or PBS control (n = 4 per group).