Table 2.

Differential expression of ET-2 between primary ccRCC and patient-matched adjacent normal samples (N=161) by demographic and clinicopathologic characteristics. Negative CT (−CT) denotes the normalized −CT values.

Characteristic	Average Difference in −CT (tumor-normal)	Average Fold Change Estimate (2(difference in −CT))	Tissue Type by Characteristic Interaction p-value
Gender
Female	1.01	2.02
Male	0.95	1.94	0.89
Age at Surgery
<60 years	1.15	2.22
≥60 years	0.88	1.84	0.53
Presence of Necrosis
No	1.34	2.53
Yes	−0.21	0.86	0.001
Pathologic Tumor Stage
pT1	1.54	2.91
pT2, pT3	0.20	1.15	0.001
Nuclear Grade
1 or 2	1.82	3.53
3 or 4	0.32	1.25	0.0002