Fig. 8.

Long-term exposure to curcumin induces apoptosis in HT-29 cells in a dose-dependent manner. The pro-apoptotic effect of long-term exposure (22 h in a complete medium) to 5.0–50 μM curcumin was investigated on HT-29 cells by flow cytometry. Control cells were incubated with 0.05% DMSO. 7-AAD negative/Annexin-V negative cells were considered as non-apoptotic, non-necrotic (viable), 7-AAD negative/Annexin-V positive cells as early apoptotic, 7-AAD positive/Annexin-V positive cells as late apoptotic and 7-AAD positive/Annexin-V negative cells as post-late apoptotic/necrotic. Bar diagrams show the percentages of (a) necrotic, (b) late apoptotic, (c) non-apoptotic, non-necrotic (viable), and (d) early apoptotic cells. *p < 0.05, unpaired Student's t-test. Data were collected from at least four independent experiments.