Cell viability was measured by MTT assay. Tumor cells (MCF-7, HeLa, and HepG2) and NHLF were transfected with pCDNA3.1/IL-24, pCDNA3.1/RGD-IL-24, pCDNA3.1, or untransfected (control) and cell viability was determined on days 2, 3, 4, and 5 after transfection by MTT assay. Experiments were repeated 3 times in quadruplicates, and the results were presented as mean±SE, *P<0.05 versus pCDNA3.1/IL-24. NHLF, normal human lung fibroblast.