Ref (type)	Population	Outcome, Interventions	Results and statistical analysis	Effect size	Favours
Composite scales: Douleur Aiguë du Nouveau-né (DAN)
[8] RCT 6-armed trial	150 term newborn infants undergoing venepuncture	Median DAN score 2 with pacifiers 7 with water	Median difference: 5 95% CI 4 to 7 P <0.0001	Effect size not calculated	pacifier