Ref (type)	Population	Outcome, Interventions	Results and statistical analysis	Effect size	Favours
Adverse effects
[19] RCT	137 stable premature infants, gestational age 29 to 37 weeks, undergoing venepuncture	Skin erythema 7 infants with tetracaine gel 4 infants with placebo	P = 0.53		Not significant
[20] RCT	40 neonates over 32 weeks' gestation undergoing venous cannulation	Erythematous rash 1/20 (5%) with tetracaine gel with