Ref (type)	Population	Outcome, Interventions	Results and statistical analysis	Effect size	Favours
Adverse effects
[71] Systematic review	6671 people with COPD 7 RCTs in this analysis	Proportion of people reporting any adverse effect 6 months to 3 years 2481/3338 (74.3%) with fluticasone plus salmeterol 2464/3333 (73.9%) with salmeterol alone	RR 1.02 95% CI 0.91 to 1.15 P = 0.72		Not significant
[70] Systematic review	9752 people with COPD 11 RCTs in this analysis	Episodes of pneumonia 1 month to >12 months 263/5212 (5%) with LABA plus corticosteroid 153/4540 (3%) with LABA	RR 1.63 95% CI 1.35 to 1.98 P = 0.0001	Small effect size	LABA
[70] Systematic review	6262 people with COPD 8 RCTs in this analysis	Oropharyngeal candidiasis 1 month to >12 months 292/3521 (8%) with LABA plus corticosteroid 200/2741 (7%) with LABA	RR 1.59 95% CI 1.07 to 2.37 P = 0.002	Small effect size	LABA
[70] Systematic review	9206 people with COPD 10 RCTs in this analysis	Viral upper respiratory tract infections 1 month to >12 months 441/4844 (9%) with LABA plus corticosteroid 342/4362 (8%) with LABA	WMD RR 1.22 95% CI 1.07 to 1.39 P = 0.004	Small effect size	LABA
[70] Systematic review	6543 people with COPD 6 RCTs in this analysis	MI 1 month to >12 months 34/3278 (1.0%) with LABA plus corticosteroid 33/3265 (1.0%) with LABA	RR 1.03 95% CI 0.64 to 1.64 P = 0.91		Not significant