Ref (type)	Population	Outcome, Interventions	Results and statistical analysis	Effect size	Favours
Adverse effects
[10] [90] RCT 3-armed trial	5887 smokers, aged 35 to 60 years, with spirometric signs of early COPD; mean pre-bronchodilator FEV1 2640 mL, mean of 30 cigarettes smoked/day In review [83]	Adverse effects with smoking cessation with or without ipratropium with usual care
[91] RCT 3-armed trial	5887 smokers, aged 35 to 60 years, with spirometric signs of early COPD; mean pre-bronchodilator FEV1 2640 mL, mean of 30 cigarettes smoked/day In review [83]	Weight gain 1 year 2.61 kg for men, 2.63 kg for women with smoking cessation with or without ipratropium 0.61 kg for men, 1.10 kg for women with usual care	Significance not assessed
[91] RCT 3-armed trial	5887 smokers, aged 35 to 60 years, with spirometric signs of early COPD; mean pre-bronchodilator FEV1 2640 mL, mean of 30 cigarettes smoked/day In review [83]	Weight gain 5 years 3.9 kg for men, 4.75 kg for women with smoking cessation with or without ipratropium 2.6 kg for men, 2.84 kg for women with usual care	Significance not assessed