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. 2012 Feb 8;7(2):e30374. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0030374

Table 3. Acoustic characteristics of the statements and questions and their final syllables.

Sentence type Sentence Final syllable
Mean F0 Duration Mean Intensity Pitch Range Mean F0 Duration Mean Intensity Glide Size Glide Time Glide Rate
Statement (n = 20) μ 92.88 0.86 78.98 11.35 91.20 0.13 75.90 6.82 0.10 −61.19
σ 2.17 0.22 3.44 7.27 4.61 0.04 6.89 7.20 0.05 84.70
Question (n = 20) μ 93.66 0.89 80.09 7.75 92.50 0.19 77.68 3.59 0.12 −22.78
σ 1.37 0.22 2.42 3.94 2.45 0.04 5.06 4.38 0.04 37.15
t-test t −2.22 −1.70 −2.86 2.46 −1.80 −5.89 −2.50 2.54 −1.65 −2.41
p 0.04 0.11 0.01 0.02 0.09 <0.0001 0.02 0.02 0.12 0.03

Mean F0 (in st) is the average fundamental frequency of the sentence (or the final syllable); duration (in s) is the length of the sentence (or the final syllable); mean intensity (in dB) is the mean-energy intensity of the sentence (or the final syllable); pitch range (in st) is defined as the difference in fundamental frequency between maximum and minimum F0 of the sentence; glide size (in st) is the pitch excursion size of the final syllable ( = maximum F0−minimum F0); glide time (in s) is the duration between maximum and minimum F0 of the final syllable; glide rate (in st/s) = glide size/glide time; μ = mean; σ = standard deviation; t is the statistic of the paired t-test (two-tailed, df = 19).