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. 2012 Feb 8;7(2):e31234. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0031234

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Hatano et al.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.

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(A) The acidic GSLs from the cancerous tissue samples from eight patients with prostate cancer, including six patients with advanced hormone-sensitive prostate cancer and two patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer were separated by the molecular size of the oligosaccharides using normal-phase HPLC. Samples from one patient (designated Case 1) were taken from both the prostate and bone metastases for evaluation. (B) The acidic GSLs in the primary cancerous tissue samples were separated by the molecular size of the oligosaccharides using HPLC. The quantity of GD1a is presented as a percentage of the total acidic GSLs with GD1a. (C) The acidic GSLs in cultured prostate cancer cells were separated by the molecular size of the oligosaccharides using HPLC. The assay was done in triplicate, and the means ± S.E. GD1a levels are shown as the ratio to the total acidic GSLs in the cell lines. The mean ± S.E. GD1a level was also presented as the ratio to the total acidic GSLs in the patients' samples (HS+CR) indicated in Figure 1B. (HS, hormone-sensitive; CR, castration-resistant; F, free glycan).