Table 1.
Study Center Characteristicsa
| M (SD) or % (n) | |
|---|---|
| Structural variables | |
| Total counselors, M (SD) | 11.7 (14.1) |
| Accreditedb,% (n) | 56.5 (192) |
| Not-for-profit, % (n) | 63.1 (212) |
| Residential, % (n) | 27.4 (93) |
| Intensive outpatient (IOP), % (n) | 74.7 (254) |
| Outpatient (non-MM), % (n) | 70.6 (240) |
| Organizational values/norms | |
| 12-step orientationc, % (n) | 24.7 (84) |
| Research experienced, % (n) | 37.4 (129) |
| Counselor variables | |
| % Bachelor’s counselors, M (SD) | 29.1 (29.5) |
| % Master’s counselors, M (SD) | 47.6 (33.6) |
| % Certified SA counselors, M (SD) | 53.2 (33.9) |
| Patient variables | |
| % Women, M (SD) | 38.6 (19.6) |
| % Adolescents, M (SD) | 10.0 (20.8) |
| % Dually diagnosed, M (SD) | 49.9 (26.4) |
M = mean
SD = standard deviation
MM = methadone maintenance
SA = substance abuse
a
Study sample comprised N = 340 substance abuse treatment centers.
b
Accredited = 1 if accredited by either JCAHO or CARF; 0 otherwise.
c
12-step orientation = 1 if the treatment program was primarily based on 12-step model; 0 otherwise.
d
Research experience = 1 if during the past two years the center was involved in (a) any research
project that directly involved the clients in the center, or (b) any research initiative designed to help
improve the quality of addiction treatment and encourage the use of EBPs; 0 otherwise.