Table 2.
Patients’ characteristics according to pAMPK expression
Negative pAMPK (n = 147), n (%) | Positive pAMPK (n = 316), n (%) | P valuea | |
Age, median age (range), years | 65 (39–87) | 66 (32–90) | 0.45 |
Gender | 0.47 | ||
Female | 70 (47.6) | 162 (51.2) | |
Male | 77 (52.4) | 154 (48.8) | |
Race | 0.08 | ||
Caucasian | 129 (87.8) | 293 (92.7) | |
Non-Caucasian | 18 (12.2) | 23 (7.3) | |
Histology | 0.06 | ||
Adenocarcinoma | 104 (70.7) | 195 (61.7) | |
Squamous cell carcinoma | 43 (29.3) | 121 (38.3) | |
Smoking | 0.045 | ||
Never smoker | 10 (6.8) | 39 (12.3) | |
Former smoker | 62 (42.2) | 150 (47.5) | |
Current smoker | 75 (51.0) | 127 (40.2) | |
(Neo)adjuvant treatment | 0.47 | ||
No | 65 (44.2) | 148 (46.8) | |
Neoadjuvant | 10 (6.8) | 30 (9.5) | |
Adjuvant | 38 (25.9) | 91 (28.8) | |
Both | 13 (8.8) | 18 (5.7) | |
Unknown | 21 (14.3) | 29 (9.2) | |
T categoryb | 0.61 | ||
T1 | 63 (42.9) | 115 (36.4) | |
T2 | 68 (46.3) | 162 (51.3) | |
T3 | 6 (4.1) | 16 (5.1) | |
T4 | 10 (6.8) | 23 (7.3) | |
N categoryb | 0.66 | ||
N0 | 97 (66.9) | 224 (70.1) | |
N1 | 26 (17.9) | 52 (16.5) | |
N2 | 22 (15.2) | 40 (12.7) | |
Nx | 2 (1.4) | 0 (0.0) | |
Final stageb | 0.45 | ||
I | 82 (55.8) | 195 (61.7) | |
II | 50 (34.0) | 90 (28.4) | |
III and IV | 15 (10.2) | 31 (9.8) |
P values are calculated by Wilcoxon rank sum test for age and by chi-square test for all the other variables.
According to the American Joint Committee on Cancer Staging Manual sixth edition.
pAMPK, phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase; T, tumor; N, node.