Table 4.
Logistic regression model evaluating which symptoms best predicted incapacitation due to travelers' diarrhea.
| Characteristic | All with TD n = 160 | Conducted program as planned n = 107 | Incapacitated n = 53 | Univariate OR [95% CI] | p-value | Multivariate OR [95% CI] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stool frequency | < 0.001 | |||||
| 3 stools/day | 76 (48) | 64 (60) | 12 (23) | 1.0 | 1.0 | |
| 4-5 stools/day | 58 (36) | 35 (33) | 23 (43) | 3.51 [1.56-7.88] | 2.05 [0.77-5.43] | |
| > 5 stools/day | 26 (16) | 8 (8) | 18 (34) | 12.0 [4.26-33.8] | 4.84 [1.40-16.8] | |
| Abdominal cramps | 0.005 | |||||
| No abdominal cramps | 37 (23) | 32 (30) | 5 (9) | 1.0 | 1.0 | |
| 1 -3 days | 95 (59) | 62 (58) | 33 (62) | 3.41 [1.21-9.57] | 1.86 [0.55-6.34] | |
| > 3 days | 28 (18) | 13 (12) | 15 (28) | 7.39 [2.22-24.5] | 2.64 [0.62-11.3] | |
| Fecal urgency1 | 114 (71) | 69 (65) | 45 (85) | 3.10 [1.32-7.25] | 0.009 | 0.93 [0.32-2.70] |
| Nausea2 | 61 (38) | 25 (23) | 36 (68) | 6.95 [3.35-14.4] | < 0.001 | 4.38 [1.70-11.3] |
| Vomiting3 | 32 (20) | 13 (12) | 19 (36) | 4.04 [1.80-9.06] | 0.001 | 0.96 [0.32-2.91] |
| Fever4 | 25 (16) | 6 (6) | 19 (36) | 9.41 [3.47-25.5] | < 0.001 | 5.65 [1.80-17.7] |
TD: travelers' diarrhea; OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval. P-values based on χ2-tests for categorical variables. Variables with p < 0.2 were included in the multivariate logistic regression model. Reference category: 1no fecal urgency, 2no nausea, 3no vomiting, 4no fever. Model: constant = 0.06, Nagelkerke's R2 = 0.42, Hosmer and Lemeshow test for goodness of fit p = 0.7.