Figure 11. The chs1 mutant was defective in appressorium penetration and plant infection.

(A) Appressorium penetration assays with rice leaf sheaths. Appressoria of the chs1 mutant failed to penetrate plant cells and develop infectious hyphae at 48 hpi. (B) Intact and wounded barley leaves were inoculated with culture blocks of the wild-type P131 and chs1 mutant. Lesions were visible 5 dpi after removing the inoculum. Inoculation with water agar blocks was the negative control. AP, appressorium; IH, invasive hyphae; PP, penetration peg.