Table 1.

Penetrances Pr[r/s | (a, b)] for a SNP

	Phenotype r/s
Genotype (ta, tb)	1/1	1/2	2/2	Missing
(1, 1)	(1 – ε)2	2ε(1 – ε)	ε2	1
(1, 2)	ε(1 – ε)	(1 – ε)2 + ε2	ε(1 – ε)	1
(2, 1)	ε(1 – ε)	(1 – ε)2 + ε2	ε(1 – ε)	1
(2, 2)	ε2	2ε(1 – ε)	(1 – ε)2	1