Table 2.
Effect of mononuclear stem cell therapy on myocardial innervation, perfusion, metabolism, and infarct size measured by cardiac PET and MRI.
| Day 10–15 | p | Day 180 | p | Δ Day 180 – Day 10–15 | p | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MYOCARDIAL INNERVATION ([11C]HED-PET) | |||||||
| HED-retention index in area at risk (ratio) | BMC | 0.89 ± 0.10 | 0.06 | 0.94 ± 0.07 | 0.02 | 0.06 ± 0.08 | 0.31 |
| Control | 0.73 ± 0.19 | 0.75 ± 0.19 | 0.02 ± 0.08 | ||||
| HED-defect size (%) | BMC | 14.9 ± 9.4 | 0.10 | 10.0 ± 7.8 | 0.04 | −4.9 ± 4.0 | 0.08 |
| Control | 26.1 ± 14.2 | 24.5 ± 14.5 | −1.6 ± 2.2 | ||||
| MYOCARDIAL PERFUSION ([15O]H2O-PET) | |||||||
| Rest perfusion in area at risk (ratio) | BMC | 0.93 ± 0.15 | 0.62 | 0.84 ± 0.22 | 0.18 | −0.09 ± 0.17 | 0.03 |
| Control | 0.89 ± 0.20 | 0.99 ± 0.25 | 0.10 ± 0.17 | ||||
| Stress perfusion in area at risk (ratio) | BMC | 0.83 ± 0.16 | 0.90 | 0.91 ± 0.20 | 0.75 | 0.08 ± 0.29 | 0.88 |
| Control | 0.81 ± 0.29 | 0.88 ± 0.21 | 0.06 ± 0.17 | ||||
| Perfusion reserve in area at risk (ratio) | BMC | 1.96 ± 1.01 | 0.18 | 1.62 ± 0.85 | 0.84 | −0.33 ± 1.58 | 0.15 |
| Control | 1.27 ± 1.07 | 1.70 ± 0.80 | 0.43 ± 0.34 | ||||
| MYOCARDIAL METABOLISM ([18F]FDG-PET) | |||||||
| FDG uptake in area at risk (ratio) | BMC | 0.77 ± 0.09 | 0.47 | 0.84 ± 0.12 | 0.04 | 0.06 ± 0.09 | 0.07 |
| Control | 0.71 ± 0.22 | 0.66 ± 0.22 | −0.05 ± 0.16 | ||||
| FDG-defect size (%) | BMC | 16.2 ± 8.3 | 0.44 | 12.8 ± 10.6 | 0.27 | −3.3 ± 6.7 | 0.52 |
| Control | 21.1 ± 14.5 | 19.6 ± 14.8 | −1.5 ± 3.4 | ||||
| INFARCT SIZE (LATE ENHANCEMENT Gd-DTPA MRI) | |||||||
| Infarct size (g) | BMC | 6.7 ± 4.3 | 0.08 | 7.0 ± 7.2 | 0.15 | 0.4 ± 4.2 | 0.047 |
| Control | 24.4 ± 22.3 | 19.3 ± 17.6 | −5.1 ± 5.9 | ||||
| Infarct size (% of LV mass) | BMC | 5.0 ± 3.1 | 0.08 | 5.4 ± 5.8 | 0.15 | 0.4 ± 3.6 | 0.045 |
| Control | 19.3 ± 17.5 | 14.0 ± 13.3 | −5.3 ± 6.7 | ||||
[11C]HED, carbon-11 labeled hydroxyephedrine; [15O]H2O, oxygen-15 labeled water; [18F]FDG, fluorine-18 labeled fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose. Tracer activity ratios were calculated in each patient by dividing PET measurement in the area at risk with corresponding value in the reference area. BMC and placebo groups were compared using independent sample t-test combined to Levene’s test.