Table 2.
Age-Adjusted Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome Among New York City Adults Aged 20 Years or Older, by Selected Characteristics, 2004 New York City Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
| Characteristic | Total (n = 1,263) | Men (n = 539) | Women (n = 724) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. | % (95% CI) | No. | % (95% CI) | No. | % (95% CI) | |||
| Total | 1,263 | 26.7 (23.7-29.8) | 539 | 22.9 (19.1-27.2) | 724 | 30.1 (26.3-34.1) | ||
| Age group, y | ||||||||
| 20-29 [Reference] | 325 | 7.3 (4.9-10.7) | 150 | 8.4 (4.7-14.5) | 175 | 6.3 (3.7-10.5) | ||
| 30-39 | 301 | 18.4 (14.1-23.6)a | 128 | 19.4 (13.1-27.7)b | 173 | 17.5 (12.2-24.5)c | ||
| 40-49 | 288 | 21.0 (16.8-25.8)a | 113 | 18.0 (12.1-26.0)b | 175 | 23.3 (17.6-30.1)a | ||
| 50-59 | 194 | 34.7 (27.7-42.4)a | 73 | 26.2 (16.8-38.3)c | 121 | 40.6 (31.7-50.2)a | ||
| ≥60 | 155 | 49.2 (39.6-58.9)a | 75 | 40.2 (28.1-53.7)a | 80 | 58.8 (45.5-71.0)a | ||
| Race/ethnicityd | ||||||||
| White [Reference] | 366 | 21.8 (17.3-27.1) | 175 | 20.1 (15.0-26.5) | 191 | 23.5 (17.2-31.4) | ||
| Black | 272 | 28.5 (23.5-34.0) | 108 | 24.0 (15.8-34.6) | 164 | 33.4 (26.9-40.6)b | ||
| Hispanic | 452 | 33.9 (28.5-39.8)c | 177 | 27.4 (20.3-35.9) | 275 | 38.2 (31.9-44.8)c | ||
| Asian | 156 | 23.0 (15.9-32.0) | 72 | 23.6 (14.2-36.6) | 84 | 22.4 (13.2-35.4) | ||
| Educationd | ||||||||
| <HS degree/GED | 369 | 35.3 (30.1-40.8)a | 150 | 31.0 (23.7-39.3)b | 219 | 38.4 (31.6-45.7)c | ||
| HS degree/GED | 245 | 26.3 (20.0-33.7) | 113 | 19.4 (11.3-31.2) | 132 | 33.1 (24.9-42.4) | ||
| >HS degree/GED [Reference] | 647 | 22.3 (18.6-26.5) | 274 | 20.4 (15.7-26.0) | 373 | 25.1 (20.2-30.8) | ||
| Country of birthd | ||||||||
| United States [Reference] | 614 | 27.1 (23.2-31.4) | 260 | 24.1 (19.0-30.1) | 354 | 29.4 (24.1-35.4) | ||
| Other | 648 | 26.1 (22.4-30.1) | 278 | 20.5 (15.6-26.6) | 370 | 31.4 (26.9-36.3) | ||
| Income, $d | ||||||||
| <25,000 | 507 | 28.2 (24.1-32.6) | 195 | 21.5 (16.1-28.2) | 312 | 32.8 (27.3-38.9) | ||
| 25,000-49,999 | 308 | 26.5 (20.7-33.3) | 142 | 24.2 (16.8-33.6) | 166 | 28.7 (21.1-37.7) | ||
| ≥50,000 [Reference] | 398 | 24.5 (19.3-30.5) | 187 | 22.6 (16.2-30.6) | 211 | 26.6 (19.5-35.2) | ||
| Insurance coveraged | ||||||||
| Private [Reference] | 596 | 24.5 (20.6-28.9) | 257 | 21.6 (16.6-27.7) | 339 | 27.3 (22.0-33.4) | ||
| Government | 330 | 32.6 (27.3-38.)b | 109 | 25.6 (17.7-35.4) | 221 | 38.0 (31.5-44.9)b | ||
| Uninsured | 332 | 24.4 (18.5-31.4) | 169 | 24.1 (16.4-33.9) | 163 | 24.8 (16.4-35.6) | ||
| Routine source of cared | ||||||||
| Present [Reference] | 874 | 27.3 (23.9-31.0) | 342 | 22.8 (18.3-28.1) | 532 | 31.0 (26.8-35.5) | ||
| Absent | 388 | 25.1 (18.5-33.0) | 197 | 22.3 (13.9-33.8) | 191 | 28.7 (19.9-39.6) | ||
| Smoking | ||||||||
| Never [Reference] | 726 | 25.2 (21.6-29.2) | 269 | 19.2 (14.0-25.6) | 457 | 29.6 (25.7-34.0) | ||
| Current | 319 | 33.9 (28.5-39.9)b | 160 | 28.6 (20.6-38.1) | 159 | 39.6 (31.0-49.0) | ||
| Former | 218 | 23.4 (18.1-29.7) | 110 | 23.8 (17.1-32.0) | 108 | 23.1 (15.8-32.5) | ||
| Alcohol used | ||||||||
| Heavy | 99 | 27.5 (18.4-39.0) | 49e | 36.6 (24.9-50.0) | 50e | 12.0 (5.2-25.4)a | ||
| Moderate | 775 | 23.7 (20.0-27.8)b | 378 | 21.9 (17.3-27.3) | 397 | 26.1 (20.8-32.2)c | ||
| Low or none [Reference] | 384 | 32.4 (27.5-37.8) | 110 | 21.8 (14.5-31.2) | 274 | 38.1 (32.5-44.0) | ||
| Body mass index, kg/m2 d | ||||||||
| Underweight (<18.5) | 28e | 0 | 10e | 0 | 18e | 0 | ||
| Normal weight (18.5-24.9) [Reference] | 464 | 6.5 (4.1-10.3) | 182 | 6.3 (3.4-11.6) | 282 | 6.8 (3.6-12.5) | ||
| Overweight (25-30) | 432 | 28.2 (23.8-33.2)a | 212 | 20.1 (14.7-26.9)a | 220 | 38.7 (33.5-44.1)a | ||
| Obese (≥30) | 316 | 49.7 (44.0-55.5)a | 122 | 47.4 (38.7-56.2)a | 194 | 50.7 (42.6-58.7)a | ||
| Menopausal status | ||||||||
| Premenopausal [Reference] | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 530 | 29.8 (22.1-38.9) |
| Postmenopausal | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 183 | 26.7 (22.2-31.7) |
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; GED, general educational development; HS, high school; NA, not applicable.
a
P value < .001. Comparisons were made by t test to the reference group in each category.
b
P value < .05. Comparisons were made by t test to the reference group in each category.
c
P value < .01. Comparisons were made by t test to the reference group in each category.
d
Totals do not equal to 1,263 because of missing data.
e
Relative standard error was 30% or more or denominator was 50 or fewer (or both). We considered such estimates to be unreliable.