Table 1.
Summary of genes regulated by, and effect of signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) proteins during CD4+ T-cell polarization
| Effect | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CD4+ lineage | STAT protein (cytokine) | Gene regulated | Gene | Polarization | References |
| Th1 | STAT4 (IL-12) | Ifng | Induction | + | 18 |
| tbx21 | Induction | + | 19 | ||
| Il12rB2 | Induction | + | 3,19 | ||
| Il18r | Induction | + | 3 | ||
| Tpl2 | Induction | + | 20 | ||
| STAT1 (IFN-γ) | tbx21 | Expression enhancement | NC | 22 | |
| STAT5 (IL-2) | Ifng | Expression enhancement | + | 23 | |
| Th2 | STAT6 (IL-4) | Gata3 | Induction | + | 42 |
| RAD50 | Chromatin modification | + | 49 | ||
| STAT5 (IL-2, TSLP) | Il4 | Induction | + | 52,54,55 | |
| Il4rα | Induction | + | 56 | ||
| Th17 | STAT3 (IL-6, IL-21, IL-23) | Il17a | Induction | + | 65,67 |
| Il17f | Induction | + | 65,67 | ||
| Rorc | Induction | + | 65,67 | ||
| Rora | Induction | + | 67 | ||
| Il6r | Induction | + | 65,67,68 | ||
| Il21 | Induction | + | 65,67,68 | ||
| Foxp3 | Repression | + | 65 | ||
| STAT5 (IL-2) | Il17a | Repression | − | 71 | |
| nTreg | STAT5 (IL-2) | Foxp3 | Induction | + | 76,77 |
| Foxp3+ iTreg | STAT5 (IL-2) | Foxp3 | Induction | + | 76 |
| STAT3 (IL-6) | Foxp3 | Repression | − | 71 | |
| STAT6 (IL-4) | Foxp3 | Repression | − | 79 | |
IFN, interferon; IL-12, interleukin-12; NC, not clear; Th1, T helper type 1; Treg, regulatory T; TSLP, thymic stromal lymphopoietin.