Medicare enrolment information at time of index prescription |
|
Age |
Age in years |
Categorical, groupings: 65–69, 70–74, 75–79, 80–84, 85–89, and 90 or more years |
Race |
Caucasian race |
Dichotomous (yes/no) |
Medicare claims within 365 days prior to index osteoporosis drug prescription |
|
Hospitalization within prior year |
Any |
Dichotomous (yes/no) |
Comorbidity score |
Charlson comorbidity score (17, 18) |
Ordinal (quartiles, 3 dummies) |
Osteoporosis related |
|
|
Osteoporosis |
ICD-9-CM: 733.0x |
Dichotomous (yes/no) |
Kyphosis |
ICD-9-CM: 737.1x, 737.41, 737.3x |
Dichotomous (yes/no) |
Prior fracture—vertebral |
Vertebral (ICD-9-CM: 733.13, 805.xx) |
Dichotomous (yes/no) |
Prior fracture—non-vertebral |
Hip (ICD-9-CM: 820.xx, 733.14), humerus (ICD-9-CM: 812.xx, 733.11), and/or radius/ulna (ICD-9-CM: 813.xx, 733.12) |
Dichotomous (yes/no) |
Prior fracture—other |
Any fracture (ICD-9-CM: 733.1x, 800.xx-829.xx) other than vertebral / non-vertebral defined above |
Dichotomous (yes/no) |
Comorbidities |
|
|
Alzheimer’s/other dementia |
ICD-9-CM: 290.xx, 294.xx, 330.xx, 331.xx |
Dichotomous (yes/no) |
Asthma/chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
ICD-9-CM: 493.xx, 490, 491.xx, 492.xx, 494.xx, 496.xx, 506.4x |
Dichotomous (yes/no) |
Cataracts |
ICD-9-CM: 366.xx |
Dichotomous (yes/no) |
Crohn’s/gastroenteritis |
ICD-9-CM: 555.xx, 556.xx, 558.xx |
Dichotomous (yes/no) |
Depression |
ICD-9-CM: 293.83, 296.2x. 296.3x, 298.0x, 300.4x, 309.0x, 309.1x, 309.28, 311.xx |
Dichotomous (yes/no) |
Diabetes mellitus |
ICD-9-CM: 1 hospitalization discharge of 250.xx or 2 outpatient claims with 250.xx |
Dichotomous (yes/no) |
Falls history, syncope, or gait abnormality |
ICD-9-CM: E885, E885.9x, E888.xx, 780.2x, 458.0x, 781.2x, 782.3x |
Dichotomous (yes/no) |
Hyperthyroidism |
ICD-9-CM: 242.0x-242.9x |
Dichotomous (yes/no) |
Hyperparathyroidism |
ICD-9-CM: 252.0x |
Dichotomous (yes/no) |
Ischemic stroke |
ICD-9-CM: 434.xx, 436.xx |
Dichotomous (yes/no) |
Liver disease |
ICD-9-CM: 571.4x, 571.6x, 571.8x, 571.9x, 573.xx, 070.xx |
Dichotomous (yes/no) |
Malignant neoplasm |
ICD-9-CM: 140.xx-208.xx |
Dichotomous (yes/no) |
Overweight or obese |
ICD-9-CM: 278, 278.0x |
Dichotomous (yes/no) |
Parkinson’s |
ICD-9-CM: 332.xx, 333.0x or use of antiparkinsonian drug |
Dichotomous (yes/no) |
Renal disease |
ICD-9-CM: 250.4x, 403.xx, 404.02, 404.03, 404.12, 404.13, 404.92, 404.93 |
Dichotomous (yes/no) |
Rheumatoid arthritis |
ICD-9-CM: 714.xx |
Dichotomous (yes/no) |
Pharmacy claims within 365 days prior to index osteoporosis drug prescription |
|
Number of generics |
Count |
Ordinal (quintiles, 4 dummies) |
Anti-epileptic |
Any pharmacy claim |
Dichotomous (yes/no) |
Beta-blocker |
Any pharmacy claim |
Dichotomous (yes/no) |
Benzodiazepines |
Any pharmacy claim |
Dichotomous (yes/no) |
Gastroprotective |
Any pharmacy claim |
Dichotomous (yes/no) |
Glucocorticoids |
Any pharmacy claim |
Dichotomous (yes/no) |
Hormone therapy |
Any pharmacy claim |
Dichotomous (yes/no) |
Selective Cox-2 inhibitor |
Any pharmacy claim |
Dichotomous (yes/no) |
Other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug |
Any pharmacy claim |
Dichotomous (yes/no) |
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) |
Any pharmacy claim |
Dichotomous (yes/no) |
Non-SSRI antipsychotic |
Any pharmacy claim |
Dichotomous (yes/no) |
Statin therapy |
Any pharmacy claim |
Dichotomous (yes/no) |
Thiazide diuretic |
Any pharmacy claim |
Dichotomous (yes/no) |
Thyroid drugs |
Any pharmacy claim |
Dichotomous (yes/no) |
Miscellaneous sleep/hypnotic/barbiturates |
Any pharmacy claim |
Dichotomous (yes/no) |