Table 2.

Summary of Selenium Supplementation Forms and Dosages in Studies Involving Inflammation and Immunity

Model		Forms of Se	Dosages of Se	References
Cell culture studies	HUVECs	Sodium selenite added to baseline Se in media	0.1 μM	279
			0–2 μM	276
			10 μg/ml	116
	Human primary monocytes		1–25 μg/ml	1
	Human T cells		>5–10 μM	177
	Human macrophages		25 nM-1.0 μM	121
	FELCs		20 μM	46
	Human HuH-7 cells		0, 0.05, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 μM	152
	Mouse primary lymphocytes		100 nM	208
	J774.1 mouse macrophages		100 ng/ml	209
	RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages		2 μM	197, 256, 274
Animal studies	Mouse	Sodium selenite in diets	Low, 0.08 mg/kg medium, 0.25 mg/kg high, 1.0 mg/kg	102, 253
			Deficient, 0.086 mg/kg adequate, 0.15 mg/kg	129, 177
			Low, 0.08 ppm medium, 0.25 ppm high, 2.7 ppm	105
			0, 0.1, 0.4, 2.25 mg/kg	124
			2 mg/kg	208
			0, 0.2, 0.3–0.5 ppm	273
		Selenomethionine in diets	Low, 0.02 ppm adequate, 0.2 ppm above adequate, 2 ppm	252
		Se-poor diet	0.1 mg/kg	241
		Drinking water, sodium selenite drinking water, sodium selenite	100 μM 0.3 mg/L	174, 269
	Rat	l-selenomethionine in diets	Deficient, basal diets	275
			Adequate, 0.15 ppm
			Above adequate, 4 ppm
		Sodium selenite in diets	2 μg/g body weight	246
	Sheep	Bolus injection, selenite	2 mg Se	258
		Continuous infusion, selenite	4 μg Se/kg body weight/hr
Human studies	Oral ingestion of Se	Sodium selenite in diets	40 μg/day	183
			50–100 μg/day	29
			100 μg/day	190
			200 μg/day	82, 116
			1000 μg/day for 1 week	126
			300 μg/day for 2 weeks
			100 μg/day for 3 months
			Low, 13 μg/day	95
			High, 297 μg/day
		Diets, Se-enriched onions	50 μg/day	88
		Diets, Se-enriched yeast	50–200 μg/day
		Diets, high Se garlic	76 μg/day	61, 223
		Diets, high Se yeast	100 μg/day
		Diets, l-selenomethionine	200 μg/day	144
	Bolus intravenous administration of Se	Sodium selenite	1000 μg followed by 1000 μg/day	8
			2000 μg followed by 1600 μg/day	153

Se, selenium; HUVECs, human umbilical vein endothelial cells; FELCs, Friend erythroleukemic cells.