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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Feb 13.
Published in final edited form as: Immunol Rev. 2009 May;229(1):126–144. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-065X.2009.00771.x

Fig. 1. Schematic of positive costimulatory pathways that could regulate specific stages in an anti-tumor immune response.

Fig. 1

Depicted are representations of the priming phase in secondary lymphoid organs, and the effector phase within the tumor microenvironment. Most costimulatory signals can be envisioned to improve aspects of the immune response in both compartments, to improve productive cross-priming by APCs and to help maintain the desired functional properties of effector cell subsets. Specific receptor/ligand interactions are defined in the lower right section.