Table 1.
Empetrum nigrum | Vaccinium uliginosum | Rubus chamaemorus | Betula nana | Dryas octopela | Salix herbacea | Cassiope tetragona | Arabis alpine | Saxifraga rivularis | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Main dispersal vector | Bird | Bird | Bird | Wind | Wind | Wind | Wind? | Wind? | Wind? |
Minimum no. of propagules | 7 | 12 | 6 | 11 | 38 | 20 | 14 | 1 | 22 |
Mating system | Dioecy | Selfer | Dioecy | Allogamous (self-incompatible) | Allogamous (self-incompatible) | Dioecious | Allogamous (?) | Mixed selfer | Autogamous (occasional outcrossing) |
Reference | Bell and Tallis (1973) | Jacquemart and Thompson (1996) | Taylor (1971) | BiolFlor database | BiolFlor database | BiolFlor database | http://www.binran.ru/ | BiolFlor database | Senstad Guldahl et al. (2005) |
Long-distance past colonization was estimated by inferring the most likely sources of colonizers on the continent using DNA fingerprinting. The predominant source is north-western Russia, i.e. the most distant regions. The minimum number of colonizers was calculated as the smallest sample needed to observe genetic diversity on Svalbard. I mapped mating system for the nine species from the literature (see Reference).