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Fractional excretion of sodium (FENa) and fractional excretion of urea nitrogen (FEUN) immediately after anesthesia induction in patients who received an oral rehydration solution and those who fasted overnight. (Plots show medians, ranges, and interquartile ranges.) Statistical analysis: unpaired t test α = 0.05). FENa = (urine sodium × serum creatinine)/(serum sodium ×urine creatinine), FEUN = (urine urea nitrogen × serum creatinine)/(blood urea nitrogen × urine creatinine)
