Table 1.
Characteristics at birth and pregnancy
| Characteristics | SGA | AGA | p value1 | |
| Number of individuals | N | 38 | 75 | |
| Male | % | 39.5 | 44.0 | 0.65 |
| Adult height | SDS2 (SD) | −1.02 (0.99) | −0.17 (0.97) | 3.3 × 10−5 |
| At Birth | ||||
| Gestational age at birth | weeks (SD) | 30.6 (1.1) | 30.1 (1.5) | 0.053 |
| Birth weight | SDS3 (SD) | −1.86 (0.50) | 0.31 (0.73) | 1.1 × 10−31 |
| Birth head circumference | SDS (SD) | −1.34 (0.79) | 0.20 (0.92) | 4.1 × 10−13 |
| Birth length | SDS (SD) | −1.83 (0.87) | 0.19 (1.12) | 3.3 × 10−13 |
| Obstetric data | ||||
| First child (parity) | % | 68% | 52% | 0.097 |
| Maternal age | years (SD) | 27.8 (4.8) | 27.9 (5.9) | 0.92 |
| Problematic obstetric history4 | % | 18.4 | 17.3 | 0.89 |
| Socio-economic status5 | SES | 3.53 (1.50) | 3.59 (1.55) | 0.82 |
| Maternal height | cm (SD) | 165.6 (5.4) | 167.3 (6.1) | 0.14 |
| Maternal diabetes mellitus | % | 5.3 | 4.0 | 0.57 |
| Chorioamnionitis6 | % | 5.3 | 25.3 | 0.009 |
| Smoking during pregnancy | % | 28.9 | 35.7 | 0.029 |
| Pre-existing hypertension | % | 10.7 | 2.7 | 0.08 |
| Preeclampsia | % | 65.8 | 10.7 | 3.4×10−11 |
1
p value resulting from an unpaired t-test between the SGA and AGA groups.
2
Standard deviation score from the reference population mean.
3
The birth weight in grams (SD) for the SGA and AGA groups were 963(149) and 1508(301) respectively.
4
Percentage of mothers with previous pregnancies and/or births with complications.
5
Socio-economic status of the family given on a 1–6 scale, with 1 being the poorest score and 6 being the highest score.
6
Intrauterine infection followed by a prolonged rupture of the membrane and preterm labor.