. 2011 Nov 15;120(2):229–234. doi: 10.1289/ehp.1103921

Table 3.

Adjusted^a associations between urinary benzene exposure^b and sperm ACM-FISH outcomes.

Low vs. unexposed				Moderate vs. unexposed				High vs. unexposed
Outcome	IRR (95% CI)		p-Value	IRR (95% CI)		p-Value	IRR (95% CI)		p-Value	p_trendc
Total anomalies		1.33	(1.00, 1.75)		0.05		1.38	(1.05, 1.82)		0.02	1.69	(1.28, 2.23)	< 0.005	< 0.005
Total structural aberrations		1.42	(1.10, 1.83)		0.01		1.44	(1.12, 1.85)		0.01	1.75	(1.36, 2.24)	< 0.005	< 0.005
Total 1p36.3 & 1cen dup/del		2.22	(1.35, 3.66)		< 0.005		2.53	(1.56, 4.11)		< 0.005	2.96	(1.81, 4.85)	< 0.005	< 0.005
Total dup		2.19	(1.15, 4.17)		0.02		2.31	(1.23, 4.33)		0.01	2.51	(1.31, 4.82)	0.01	0.01
Total del		2.66	(0.91, 7.76)		0.07		3.68	(1.31, 10.33)		0.01	5.25	(1.90, 14.55)	< 0.005	< 0.005
Total 1p36.3 dup/del		2.72	(1.43, 5.19)		< 0.005		2.92	(1.54, 5.54)		< 0.005	4.07	(2.16, 7.66)	< 0.005	< 0.005
1p36.3 dup		2.31	(1.03, 5.18)		0.04		2.13	(0.95, 4.79)		0.07	3.12	(1.39, 6.97)	0.01	0.01
1p36.3 del		4.31	(1.18, 15.78)		0.03		6.02	(1.69, 21.39)		0.001	7.88	(2.21, 28.05)	< 0.005	< 0.005
Total 1cen dup/del		1.67	(0.70, 4.01)		0.25		2.07	(0.91, 4.73)		0.08	1.75	(0.71, 4.27)	0.22	0.19
1cen dup		2.00	(0.69, 5.82)		0.20		2.47	(0.87, 6.97)		0.09	1.75	(0.57, 5.44)	0.33	0.28
1cen deld		—			—		—			—	—		—	—
Total breaks		1.24	(0.91, 1.69)		0.18		1.20	(0.89, 1.63)		0.24	1.49	(1.10, 2.02)	0.01	0.02
1q12e		1.29	(0.68, 2.45)		0.44		1.27	(0.69, 2.34)		0.44	2.23	(1.22, 4.09)	0.01	0.01
1cen-1q12f		1.22	(0.86, 1.74)		0.26		1.17	(0.83, 1.67)		0.37	1.14	(0.79, 1.63)	0.49	0.56
Total numerical aberrations		1.21	(0.71, 2.07)		0.49		1.32	(0.78, 2.25)		0.30	1.59	(0.92, 2.76)	0.10	0.10
Disomy 1		1.22	(0.71, 2.10)		0.47		1.35	(0.79, 2.30)		0.28	1.61	(0.92, 2.81)	0.10	0.10
Nullisomy 1d		—			—		—				—		—	—
Otherg		1.40	(0.28, 6.92)		0.68		1.34	(0.28, 6.47)		0.72	2.95	(0.71, 12.30)	0.14	0.13
aMultivariable negative binomial models were used to estimate IRRs. IRRs represent comparisons of counts/10,000 sperm. All models were adjusted for age, smoking, or alcohol consumption in the 3 months before semen collection and for history of any chronic disease. bUrinary benzene concentrations (summarized by the GM of the two measurements) among the exposed were divided into three groups with 10 men in each. Statistical models compared each exposure group with the unexposed group. cp_trend is the p-value given by an adjusted negative binomial regression model where the urinary benzene explanatory variable was coded as 0 for unexposed, 1 for low exposed, 2 for moderate exposed, and 3 for high-exposed. dModels were not constructed because of low detection frequency. eBreaks within 1q12. fBreaks between 1cen and 1q12. g“Other” is defined as all anomalies not detailed above.