Effect of incubation with different concentrations of leucine on protein synthesis and P-mTOR, P-p70S6K, and P-4EBP1 phosphorylation. EDL muscles were incubated in Krebs-Henseleit solution containing 0, 100, and 200 μmol/l leucine for 1 h. Protein synthesis was determined at the end of the incubation on the basis of phenylalanine incorporation into protein (A) and the phosphorylation of mTOR (C, left panel), p70S6K (C, center panel), and 4EBP1 (C, right panel) by immunoblot analysis. Representative Western blots (B) and densitometric analysis (C). Results are means ± SE (n = 6). *P < 0.05 relative to no leucine or time 0. (A high-quality color representation of this figure is available in the online issue.)