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. 2010 Aug 3;59(10):2579–2587. doi: 10.2337/db10-0476

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© 2010 by the American Diabetes Association.

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FIG. 1. — Regulation of Ins2 transcription in thymus by Mafa. A: Gene expression of insulin (Ins1 and Ins2) and putative transcriptional factors of insulin (Mafa, Pdx1, Neurod1, and Aire) in thymus and pancreatic islets by RT-PCR. B–D: Semiquantitative RT-PCR analysis of expression of Ins2 (B), Mafa (C), and Aire (D) in C3H (■) and NOD (□) thymus. Relative mRNA levels normalized to HPRT expression were determined. Data are expressed as means ± SE. E: Close correlation of relative expression levels between Ins2 and Mafa expression in thymus. F: No correlation between Ins2 and Aire expression in thymus. G and H: Mafa directly regulates insulin transcription in thymus. Semiquantitative RT-PCR of Mafa (G) and Ins2 (H) in Mafa^+/+, ^+/−, and ^−/− mice. Relative mRNA levels normalized to HPRT expression were determined. Data are expressed as means ± SE. *P = 0.003; ** P = 0.001; ***P < 0.0001, ANOVA.