Table 2.
Negative association of gray matter volume, homocysteine, and mediation by dietary condition.
| Region | Coordinates (x, y, z) | Peakt-value | Cluster size (voxels) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Homocysteine associations | |||
| L&R Anterior Cingulate Cortex | 2, 13, 25 | 4.12 | 2323 |
| L&R Anterior Cingulate Cortex | 0, 26, 22 | 3.55 | |
| L Caudoputamen | −10, 28, 12 | 3.79 | 2021 |
| L Agranular Insula | −16, 25, 7 | 2.76 | |
| R Putamen | 10, 28, 12 | 3.47 | 1372 |
| L Dorsal Premotor Cortex | −8, 26, 32 | 3.30 | 2260 |
| L Dorsal Premotor Cortex | −8, 40, 32 | 3.11 | |
| Homocysteine*Condition | |||
| L Somatosensory areas 1 and 2 | −10, −8, 38 | 3.74 | 3325 |
| L visual area 7a | −11, 0, 38 | 3.53 | |
| R Somatosensory area 5 | 7, 0, 40 | 3.60 | 2004 |
| R Hippocampus | 17, 16, 0 | 3.58 | 247 |
| R visual area 7a | 14, −2, 36 | 3.01 | |
| L Extrastriate Cortex | −20, −12, 22 | 3.44 | 3964 |
| L Primary Visual Cortex | −16, −18, 28 | 3.20 | |
| L Extrastriate Cortex (LS) | −13, −9, 23 | 2.90 | |
L = Left hemisphere; R = Right hemisphere. LS = Lunate Sulcus. The interaction tested where CR monkeys showed more gray matter relative to controls per unit increase in Hcy, suggesting an ameliorative effect. Voxel and cluster thresholds were p < .005 (uncorrected) and p < .05 (corrected) respectively. The hippocampal result survived a cluster correction derived from an a priori defined anatomical ROI.