Table 2.
Patient and treatment characteristics according to region
| Characteristics | Europe | North America | Latin America | Turkey |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of patients | 67 | 27 | 33 | 20 |
| Age (months) | ||||
| at diagnosis | 0 (0 to 0.9) | 0 (0 to 0.3)c,d | 1.7 (0.2 to 6)b | 0.9 (0 to 4.1)b |
| at start of enteral feeding | 0.9 (0 to 4.7) | 0.8 (0.2 to 4.9) | 5.4 (3.2 to 9.8) | 5.4 (0.7 to 11.6) |
| at start of PD | 4.7 (0.7 to 9.7) | 5.3 (1.3 to 8.8) | 6.9 (2.9 to 12.1) | 3.3 (0.8 to 6.4) |
| Feeding modality, n (%) | ||||
| demand feeding | 22 (33)b | 3 (11)a,c,d | 17 (52)b | 10 (50)b |
| NGT → demand feeding | 1 (2)d | 1 (4) | 0 (0)d | 3 (15)a,c |
| NGT | 30 (45)b | 3 (11)a,c,d | 14 (42)b | 7 (35)b |
| gastrostomy | 5 (8) | 4 (15) | 1 (3) | 0 (0) |
| NGT → gastrostomy | 9 (13)b | 16 (59)a,c,d | 1 (3)b | 0 (0)b |
| n (%) with comorbidities | 27 (40.3)b | 19 (70.4)a | 17 (51.5) | 9 (45) |
| n (%) oligoanuric | 25 (43.1)b,c | 12 (75)a,c,d | 3 (9.4)a,b | 6 (30)b |
| n (%) automated PD | 52 (80)b | 27 (100)a,c,d | 29 (88)b,d | 13 (65)b,c |
| PD fluid turnover (L/m2 per day) | 5.3 (3.5 to 9.1)d | 6.9 (5.9 to 8.4)d | 5.0 (3.5 to 6.5) | 3.8 (2.4 to 5.0)a,b |
| Dialytic glucose exposure (g/kg per day) | 4.7 (2.8 to 7.1)b,d | 7.2 (4.1 to 9.9)a,c,d | 3.8 (2.9 to 5.1)b | 6.6 (4.0 to 8.1)a,b |
| n (%) using biocompatible PD fluids | 54 (80.6)b,c,d | 3 (11.1)a | 4 (12.1)a | 3 (15)a |
| n (%) using amino-acid PD fluid | 3 (4.5)d | 0 (0)d | 0 (0)d | 5 (25)a,b,c |
| n (%) phosphate binders | 45 (67.2)b,c | 11 (40.7)a,c,d | 31 (93.4)a,b | 15 (75)b |
| n (%) NaCl supplements | 37 (55.2)c,d | 10 (37)c | 3 (9.1)a,b | 5 (25)a |
| n (%) bicarbonate supplements | 17 (25.3)c | 5 (18.5)c | 25 (75.8)a,b,d | 8 (40)c |
| n (%) growth hormone | 2 (3)b | 4 (14.9)a,c | 0 (0)b | 0 (0) |
| Hemoglobin (g/dl) | 11.1 ± 1.7 | 10.6 ± 2.5 | 10.7 ± 1.7 | 10.1 ± 2.2 |
| Bicarbonate (mmol/L) | 25.3 ± 4.1d | 24.9 ± 6.6d | 23.3 ± 3.2 | 21.7 ± 4.1a,b |
| Albumin (g/L) | 33.7 ± 6.7d | 35.4 ± 6.8d | 37.1 ± 6.9d | 27.9 ± 7.4a,b,c |
| Urea (mg/dl) | 80 ± 44 | 100 ± 49 | 84 ± 41 | 71.2 ± 49 |
| Calcium (mmol/L) | 2.42 ± 0.23 | 2.44 ± 0.28 | 2.41 ± 0.19 | 2.30 ± 0.23 |
| Inorganic phosphorus (mmol/L) | 1.70 ± 0.36d | 1.68 ± 0.62d | 1.76 ± 0.41d | 2.05 ± 0.75a,b,c |
| PTH (pg/ml) | 140 (49 to 351) | 224 (110 to 477) | 317 (200 to 523) | 509 (97 to 1003) |
| Total Kt/V urea | 3.05 (2.62 to 3.66) | 2.36 (1.79 to 3.12) | 3.75 (2.89 to 4.14) | 3.76 (2.37 to 5.0) |
PD medication and biochemical data are given at time of entry to the IPPN study. The six infants from Asian countries are not represented. Data are given as mean ± SD, median (interquartile range), or percent of patients. NGT, nasogastric tube.
Superscript letters indicate significant difference between regions: adifferent from Europe; bdifferent from North America; cdifferent from Latin America; ddifferent from Turkey.