Table 1.

Family Influence Variables to be Assessed Within the NSPY Database

	Youth/parent report	Sample questions	Number of questions	Cronbach’s alpha
Family influences
Parent–adolescent connectedness	Y	In the last 30 days, I really enjoyed being with my parents/caregivers.	3	.80
Parent–adolescent connectedness	P	In the last 30 days, I really enjoyed being with my child.	3	.78
Parent–adolescent activities	P	In the past week, did you do any projects or activities with your child at home?	2	.88
Parental monitoring	Y	How often does at least one of your parents know what you are doing when you are away from home?	2	.78
Parental monitoring	P	How often do you know what your child is doing when they are away from home?	5	.80
Parent intention to monitor	P	How likely is it that you will: Limit the time that (child) spends with other children without adult supervision, in the next 6 months?	5	.83
Attitudes toward monitoring	P	Closely monitoring (child’s) daily activities is: extremely good, pleasant, important.	3	.90
Antismoking parenting
Rules about smoking	Y	In the last 6 months, have you and either of your parents talked about family rules or expectations about smoking cigarettes?	1	N/A
Perceived parental punishment	T	If one of your parents knew that you used tobacco or alcohol, how likely is it that he or she would punish you in some way?	1	N/A
Parent likelihood of punishment	P	If you knew that (child) used tobacco or alcohol, how likely is it that you would discipline (child) or provide some type of consequence?	1	N/A
Parent belief about child smoking activity	P	How many times, if any, do you think (child) has smoked cigarettes during the last 12 months?	1	N/A
Parent belief about future use	P	How likely is it that (child) will use cigarettes, even once or twice over the next 12 months?	1	N/A
Parent attitude about their personal tobacco use	P	Whether or not I use tobacco will influence whether or not my child will smoke cigarettes within the next 12 months.	1	N/A

Note. N/A = not applicable—only one question per variable. P = parent report; T = only teenager’s records were available from this youth file; Y = youth report.