Table 2.
Demographics and Covariates by Race/Ethnicity Among 9- to 18-Year-Olds, NSPY-RUF, Round 1 (n = 6,426)
| White, N = 4,491 (68.9%) | Black, N = 984 (16.1%) | Hispanic, N = 951 (15.0%) | p value (chi-square test) | |
| Gender (male) | 2,338 (51.4%) | 481 (48.9%) | 508 (52.5%) | .38 |
| Current age (in years) | 13.4 (0.04)a | 13.3 (0.07) | 13.2 (0.08)b | .0009 |
| Parent education (college or higher) | 2,673 (59.3%)a | 424 (43.3%)b | 284 (31.0%)c | <.0001 |
| Family structure (two parents) | 3,519 (78.7%)a | 384 (41.3%)b | 639 (67.2%)c | <.0001 |
| Annual income, $mean (SEM) | 57,298 (986)a | 33,207 (1,180)b | 35,720 (1,407)b | <.0001 |
| Parental smoking historyd | <.0001 | |||
| Never | 1,024 (22.5%) | 360 (38.9%) | 449 (49.6%) | |
| Ever | 2,206 (48.3%) | 376 (36.4%) | 308 (29.6%) | |
| Current | 1,261 (29.2%) | 248 (24.7%) | 194 (20.8%) | |
| Time with friends who smoke | 1,206 (34.4%)a | 189 (22.9%)b | 203 (25.8%)b | <.0001 |
| Age at first smoking experience (in years) | 12.4 (0.1) | 12 (0.2) | 12.6 (0.2) | .1558 |
Note. Data presented as raw N (weighted %) or weighted mean (SEM).
a
Different from “b” and “c” at adjusted p < .05.
b
Different from “a” and “c” at adjusted p < .05.
c
Different from “a” and “b” at adjusted p < .05.
d
Distribution of smoking history is different between Whites, Blacks, and Hispanics at adjusted p < .05.