Table 1.
Descriptive characteristics of the sample by status at follow-up (n=1815)
| Alive (n=917) |
Dead (n=690) |
Lost to Follow-up (n=208) |
p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | ||
| Age, mean ± SD | 73.3 ± 5.0 | 77.1 ± 6.5 | 73.0 ± 5.0 | <0.0001 |
| Gender (female) | 573 (31.6) | 359 (19.8) | 129 (7.1) | 0.03 |
| Education, mean ± SD | 4.9 ± 3.8 | 4.8 ± 3.9 | 5.5 ± 4.3 | 0.07 |
| Marital Status (married) | 542 (29.9) | 332 (18.3) | 108 (6.0) | 0.0005 |
| Diabetes | 214 (11.8) | 230 (12.7) | 41 (2.3) | 0.20 |
| Heart Attack | 71 (3.9) | 71 (3.9) | 18 (1.0) | 0.25 |
| Hypertension | 392 (21.6) | 346 (19.1) | 94 (5.2) | 0.06 |
| Stroke | 49 (2.7) | 61 (3.4) | 10 (0.6) | 0.27 |
| Cancer | 41 (2.3) | 67 (3.7) | 9 (0.5) | 0.06 |
| Hip Fracture | 3 (0.2) | 17 (0.9) | 2 (0.1) | 0.02 |
| Arthritis | 424 (23.4) | 295 (16.3) | 94 (5.2) | 0.39 |
| Cognitive Impairmenta | 151 (8.3) | 185 (10.2) | 30 (1.7) | 0.06 |
| Frailty Status | ||||
| Non frail | 476 (26.2) | 238 (13.1) | 106 (5.8) | <0.0001 |
| Pre-frail | 405 (22.3) | 355 (19.6) | 91 (5.0) | |
| Frail | 36 (2.0) | 97 (5.3) | 11 (0.6) |
a
Cognitive impairment = MMSE < 21; SD = Standard Deviation;