Table 3.
Bivariate and Adjusted Odds Ratios (95% CI) for Partner Violence Reported by Men
| Perpetrator | Victim | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | AOR | OR | AOR | |
| Demographic variables | ||||
| Race | ||||
| Black | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Coloured | 0.95 (0.6–1.6) | 1.05 (0.6–1.9) | 0.91 (0.5–1.8) | 1.29 (0.6–2.8) |
| White | 1.00 (0.3–2.9) | 2.29 (0.6–9.5) | 0.56 (0.3–1.1) | 1.00 (0.3–3.1) |
| Indian | 1.36 (0.5–3.7) | 1.62 (0.5–5.5) | 1.41 (0.7–3.0) | 1.67 (0.7–4.1) |
| Age | ||||
| 18–34 | 1.36 (0.6–3.3) | 0.79 (0.3–2.4) | 3.18 (1.2–8.7) | 1.92 (0.5–7.1) |
| 35–49 | 0.80 (0.3–2.0) | 0.48 (0.2–1.2) | 2.10 (0.7–6.2) | 1.57 (0.5–5.1) |
| 50–64 | 0.92 (0.3–2.4) | 0.51 (0.2–1.4) | 1.75 (0.6–5.3) | 1.12 (0.3–3.9) |
| 65+ | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00* | 1.00 |
| Marital status | ||||
| Married | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Cohabiting | 1.75 (1.0–2.9)* | 1.93 (1.0–3.6)* | 1.60 (1.0–2.6) | 1.14 (0.7–2.0) |
| Education | ||||
| None | 2.33 (1.0–5.4) | 2.35 (0.7–7.9) | 1.85 (0.7–5.1) | 1.66 (0.5–5.6) |
| Grade 1–7 | 1.85 (0.9–3.6) | 1.98 (0.7–5.5) | 1.53 (0.8–2.9) | 1.16 (0.5–2.5) |
| Grade 8–11 | 1.91 (0.9–3.9) | 2.55 (0.9–7.5) | 1.40 (0.7–2.6) | 1.40 (0.7–2.9) |
| Grade 12 | 2.74 (1.3–5.8) | 2.43 (0.9–6.3) | 2.08 (0.9–4.8) | 1.76 (0.7–4.4) |
| Grade 13+ | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Income | ||||
| 0 | 2.48 (0.8–7.5) | 2.61 (0.9–7.8) | 3.85 (1.7–8.7) | 3.93 (1.4–11)** |
| 1–500 | 2.51 (1.2–5.4) | 2.46 (1.1–5.4)* | 3.93 (2.1–7.5) | 3.88 (1.6–9.6)** |
| 1501–16500 | 2.60 (1.2–5.8) | 2.80 (1.2–6.4)* | 2.63 (1.2–5.8) | 2.54 (1.0–6.8) |
| 16501–97500 | 2.11(1.0–4.3) | 2.01 (1.0–4.1) | 2.81 (1.1–6.9) | 2.80 (1.0–8.0)* |
| 97501+ | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00*** | 1.00 |
| Employment | ||||
| Unemployed | 1.00 (0.6–1.7) | 0.84 (0.5–1.5) | 0.78 (0.5–1.3) | 0.70 (0.4–1.2) |
| Employed | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Location | ||||
| Rural | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Urban | 0.76 (0.4–1.3) | 0.85 (0.5–1.6) | 0.82 (0.5–1.2) | 0.95 (0.5–1.7) |
| Early life risk factors | ||||
| Childhood violence | 3.53 (2.3–5.4)*** | 2.19 (1.1–4.3)* | 2.09 (1.2–3.5)** | 0.90 (0.5–1.7) |
| Parental violence | 4.20 (2.6–6.9)*** | 3.23 (1.8–5.8)*** | 3.57 (2.1–6.2)*** | 3.64 (1.8–7.3)*** |
| Not close to PFC | 1.26 (0.6–2.8) | 0.80 (0.3–1.9) | 2.74 (1.3–6.0)** | 2.47 (1.0–6.0)* |
| Not close to PMC | 1.58 (0.8–3.1) | 1.49 (0.7–3.1) | 1.44 (0.7–3.0) | 1.07 (0.4–2.6) |
| Disorders before age 20 | ||||
| Alcohol abuse/dependence | 1.61 (0.6–4.2) | 0.54 (0.2–1.9) | 1.21 (0.3–4.5) | 0.54 (0.1–2.3) |
| IED | 7.06 (1.4–35.9)* | 2.06 (0.2–23) | 3.04 (0.6–16.0) | 3.74 (0.5–31) |
| Anxiety Disorder | 0.79 (0.3–2.4) | 0.77 (0.2–3.7) | 1.37 (0.5–3.9) | 2.08 (0.5–8.4) |
| Mood Disorder | 0.60 (0.1–2.8) | 0.27 (0.1–1.0)* | 0.82 (0.2–4.0) | 0.35 (0.1–1.3) |
| Adult risk factors | ||||
| Living children | 0.91 (0.5–1.7) | 1.15 (0.5–2.7) | 0.73 (0.4–1.5) | 0.89 (0.4–2.2) |
| Dead children | 1.37 (0.5–3.5) | 1.32 (0.5–3.4) | 0.98 (0.5–1.9) | 1.06 (0.5–2.1) |
| Disorders since age 20 | ||||
| Alcohol abuse/dependence | 2.31 (1.5–3.6)*** | 1.88 (1.1–3.2)* | 1.46 (0.9–2.5) | 1.10 (0.6–2.1) |
| IED | 5.46 (2.3–12.9)*** | 3.55 (0.6–21) | 1.68 (0.6–5.1) | 0.59 (0.1–2.5) |
| Anxiety Disorder | 0.82 (0.4–1.9) | 0.50 (0.2–1.6) | 0.89 (0.4–1.9) | 0.54 (0.2–1.9) |
| Mood Disorder | 2.30 (1.2–4.3)** | 2.91 (1.5–5.7)** | 1.73 (0.8–4.0) | 2.13 (0.9–5.2) |
*
(p-value ≤ .05),
**
(p-value ≤ .01),
***
(p-value ≤ .001)