Table 2.
Association between vitamin D deficiency and cardiovascular risk factors
| CVD risk factor | 25(OH)D ≤20 ng/ml | 25(OH)D >20 ng/ml | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 52.0 (42.3–60.4) | 54.0 (47.3–60.35) | 0.35 |
| Current smokers, n (%) | 5 (14) | 2 (6) | 0.26 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 28.7 (24.7–31.1) | 25.7 (22.8–28.1) | 0.01 |
| Waist circumference, cm | 92.4 (84.5–105.9) | 87.1 (80.1–96.9) | 0.05 |
| Waist : hip ratio | 0.89 (0.85–0.97) | 0.87 (0.833–0.91) | 0.07 |
| Systolic BP, mmHg | 123 (116–142) | 127.5 (116–140) | 0.98 |
| Diastolic BP, mmHg | 73 (66–80) | 70.5 (61–75) | 0.08 |
| Total cholesterol, mmol/l | 4.68 (4.13–5.56) | 4.57 (4.1–5.26) | 0.50 |
| HDL cholesterol, mmol/l | 1.67 (1.42–1.975) | 1.75 (1.45–2.015) | 0.97 |
| Fasting glucose, mmol/l | 4.8 (4.35–5.2) | 4.5 (4.2–5.1) | 0.47 |
| Serum insulin, μIU/ml | 12.6 (9.1–23.4) | 10.7 (7.7–13.8) | 0.03 |
| Insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) | 1.95 (1.4–3.2) | 1.6 (1.2–1.9) | 0.02 |
| eGFR, ml/min/1.73 m2 | 87.6 (64.3–101.7) | 90.7 (74.7–100.6) | 0.61 |
Results are expressed as median (IQR) unless otherwise stated. BP: blood pressure. Statistically significant results are shown in bold type.