Table 1.
Inflammatory mediators detected in BALF collected the day after the last treatment
| Challenge | PBS | NNK | NNK:PBS | NTHi | NTHi:PBS | NNK+NTHi | NNK+NTHi:PBS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cytokines | |||||||
| TNF-α | 13.4 ± 1.5 | 67.9 ± 9.5 | 5.1 * | 59.4 ± 2.5 | 4.4 * | 48.5 ± 5.2 | 3.6 * |
| IL-1β | 4.1 ± 0.6 | 18.5 ± 1.2 | 4.5 * | 21.2 ± 2.4 | 5.2 * | 52.5 ± 4.9 | 12.8 * |
| IL-6 | 1.7 ± 0.4 | 4.1 ± 0.3 | 2.4 * | 60.8 ± 17.5 | 35.7 * | 128.3 ± 20.5 | 75.4 * |
| IFN-γ | 8.8 ± 1.4 | 95.2 ± 11.7 | 10.8 * | 59.1 ± 5.4 | 6.7 * | 36.1 ± 3.2 | 4.1 * |
| IL-17 | 0.4 ± 0.1 | 1.1 ± 0.1 | 2.7 * | 46.9 ± 1.9 | 117.2 * | 19.9 ± 0.3 | 49.7 * |
| Chemokines | |||||||
| KC | 4.7 ± 1.3 | 8.8 ± 1.8 | 1.9 | 9.7 ± 0.4 | 2.1 | 70.9 ± 10.6 | 15.1 * |
| MIP-1α | 1.3 ± 0.3 | 2.7 ± 1.1 | 2.1 | 7.6 ± 0.7 | 5.8 * | 13.8 ± 2.6 | 10.6 * |
| MIP-2 | 12.9 ± 0.3 | 22.8 ± 6.8 | 1.7 | 19.3 ± 1.1 | 1.5 * | 44.3 ± 1.7 | 3.4 * |
Data are expressed in pg/ml and presented as the mean ± SEM (n = 3), and *= P < 0.05
BALF, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid; NNK, 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone; NTHi, non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor alpha; IL-1β, interleukin 1 beta; IL-6, interleukin 6; IFN-γ, interferon gamma; IL-17, interleukin 17; KC, keratinocyte-derived chemokine; MIP-1α, macrophage inflammatory protein 1 alpha; MIP-2, macrophage inflammatory protein 2.