Table I.

Notable Studies on the role of TIM-1 Variants in Atopic Disease

Study	Findings	Study Design/Strengths	Limitations
McIntire et al. (2003; Nature)	6 aa insertion in mucin domain (157insMTTTVP) confers protection from atopy, but only in HAV+ individuals	Case-control study; HAV status determined serologically	No mechanistic/molecular correlate data (see Kim et al., below)
Gao et al. (2005; J. Allergy Clin Immunol.)	157insMTTTVP and intronic polymorphism each associated with increased risk of asthma, but independently of HAV	Case-control and family-based study; HAV status determined	No mechanistic/molecular correlate data (see Kim et al., below)
Graves et al. (2005; J. Allergy Clin Immunol.)	Several polymorphisms associated with atopy and eczema, but not asthma (some TIM-3 variants also yielded same pattern of association)	Case-control, longitudinal study; adjustment for multiple comparisons; atopy assessed by skin prick	No stratified analysis by ethnicity; asthma and eczema assessed only by questionnaire
Kim et al. (2011; J. Clin. Invest.)	157insMTTTVP polymorphism associated with more severe HAV-induced liver disease	Data presented on HAV binding and NKT cell activation	Relatively small no. of patients