Table 1.
Prevalence of suicidal ideation and suicide attempt (among ideators) by nonmedical prescription opioid use, disorder, and demographic characteristics, NSDUH 2009a,b,c
| Variable | Overall (n = 37,933) n | Reported ideation (n = 2,021; 5%) n (%) | Test statistic | P | Among ideators |
|||
| With ideation (n = 2,021) n | Reported attempt (n = 310; 15%) n (%) | Test statistic | P | |||||
| Stages of nonmedical prescription opioid use | ||||||||
| Never users | 30,465 | 1,246 (3) | F(2.58, 155.01) = 91.91 | <.001 | 1,246 | 163 (11) | F(2.64, 158.11) = 4.04 | .01 |
| Former users | 3,769 | 310 (7) | 310 | 43 (7) | ||||
| Persistent users | 2,031 | 287 (11) | 287 | 63 (17) | ||||
| Recent-onset users | 1,668 | 178 (9) | 178 | 41 (19) | ||||
| Gender | ||||||||
| Male | 17,696 | 837 (4) | F(1,60) = 0.23 | .34 | 837 | 118 (12) | F(1,60) = 0.23 | .63 |
| Female | 20,237 | 1,184 (4) | 1,184 | 192 (11) | ||||
| Age, in years | ||||||||
| 18–25 | 18,924 | 1,216 (6) | F(1.59, 95.69) = 33.98 | <.001 | 1,216 | 216 (17) | F(1.82, 108.93) = 5.78 | .005 |
| 26–34 | 5,613 | 271 (4) | 271 | 33 (9) | ||||
| 35 and older | 13,396 | 534 (3) | 534 | 61 (10) | ||||
| Marital status | ||||||||
| Married | 13,487 | 431 (2) | F(1.86, 111.39) = 58.62 | <.001 | 431 | 49.(9) | F(1.99, 119.49) = 2.26 | .11 |
| No longer married | 4,267 | 283 (5) | 283 | 42.(10) | ||||
| Never married | 20,179 | 1,307 (6) | 1,307 | 219.(14) | ||||
| Education | ||||||||
| Less than high school | 6,372 | 423 (5) | F(1,60) = 8.08 | .006 | 423 | 93 (15) | F(1,60) = 2.86 | .10 |
| High school and above | 31,561 | 1,598 (4) | 1,598 | 217 (11) | ||||
| Race | ||||||||
| Non-Hispanic White | 24,078 | 1,294 (4) | F(2.87, 172.25) = 1.90 | .13 | 1,294 | 175 (10) | F(2.86, 171.33) = 1.89 | .14 |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 4,651 | 231 (3) | 231 | 47 (18) | ||||
| Hispanic | 5,942 | 278 (3) | 278 | 48 (10) | ||||
| Other | 3,262 | 218 (4) | 218 | 40 (15) | ||||
| Unemployment | ||||||||
| No | 25,323 | 1,176 (3) | F(1,60) = 12.44 | <.001 | 1,176 | 143 (8) | F(1,60) = 14.55 | .003 |
| Yes | 12,610 | 845 (4) | 845 | 167 (16) | ||||
| Other lifetime drug use | ||||||||
| None | 17,792 | 536 (2) | F(1.79, 107.17) = 92.94 | <.001 | 536 | 61 (12) | F(1.93, 115.70) = 2.36 | .10 |
| One | 9,531 | 497 (3) | 497 | 83 (14) | ||||
| Two or more | 10,610 | 988 (7) | 988 | 166 (10) | ||||
| Other drug use disorder | ||||||||
| None | 36,277 | 1,734 (3) | F(1.92, 115.23) = 160.94 | <.001 | 1,734 | 245 (11) | F(1.93, 115.70) = 2.36 | .11 |
| One | 1,386 | 206 (14) | 206 | 39 (16) | ||||
| Two or more | 270 | 81 (32) | 81 | 26 (20) | ||||
| Past-year major depressive episode | ||||||||
| No | 34,709 | 1,065 (2) | F(1,60) = 1508.06 | <.001 | 1,065 | 126 (10) | F(1,60) = 3.12 | .08 |
| Yes | 3,011 | 935 (26) | 935 | 178 (14) | ||||
| Prescription opioid disorders among past-year users (n = 3,080) | ||||||||
| No | 2,593 | 291 (9) | F(1,60) = 36.42 | <.001 | 291 | 59 (17) | F(1,60) = 0.005 | .94 |
| Yes | 487 | 121 (23) | 121 | 33 (17) | ||||
Notes: Bold indicates statistical significance; NSDUH = National Survey on Drug Use and Health.
a
All percentages are weighted;
b
includes Native Americans, Asians, Hawaiians, Pacific Islanders, and non-Hispanics who reported more than one race;
c
other drugs include cocaine, heroin, inhalants, marijuana, and other nonmedical prescription drug use (stimulants, sedatives, tranquilizers).