Table 2.
Characteristics and disorders of POP and control index cases and their first and second degree family members
| Index cases | POP total | n (%) or median [range] | Control total | n (%) or median [range] | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age [years] | 110 | 63 [51–89] | 100 | 64 [51–95] | 0.37 |
| Children [number] | 110 | 2 [1–11] | 100 | 3 [1–10] | 0.03 |
| BMI [kg/m2] | 84 | 25 [17–41] | 90 | 25 [19–42] | 0.33 |
| Smokinga | 65 | 21 (32) | 83 | 38 (46) | 0.02 |
| Menopauseb | 93 | 89 (96) | 94 | 89 (95) | 0.14 |
| Pulmonary diseasec | 54 | 7 (13) | 84 | 9 (11) | 0.09 |
| Collagen-associated disordersd | |||||
| - AAA | 59 | 0 (0) | 84 | 1 (1) | 1.00 |
| - Inguinal hernia | 55 | 0 (0) | 84 | 0 (0) | 1.00 |
| - Cardiac valve prolapse | 58 | 0 (0) | 84 | 2 (2) | 0.51 |
| - Varicose veins | 55 | 15 (27) | 84 | 5 (6) | <0.01 |
| - Intervertebral disc displacement | 53 | 5 (9) | 84 | 8 (10) | 1.00 |
| - Umbilical hernia | 53 | 3 (6) | 84 | 2 (2) | 0.38 |
| - Joint hypermobility | 63 | 12 (19) | 82 | 2 (2) | <0.01 |
| - Rectal prolapse | 53 | 13 (25) | 84 | 0 (0) | <0.01 |
| Presence of collagen-associated disorderb | 63 | 31(49) | 84 | 18(21) | <0.01 |
| Fascia wound dehiscence | 53 | 2 (4) | 84 | 1 (1) | 0.56 |
| Diaphragmatic hernia | 52 | 1 (2) | 84 | 1 (1) | 1.00 |
| First and second degree family members | |||||
| Prolapse | |||||
| - Mother | 110 | 77 (70) | 100 | 20 (20) | <0.01 |
| - Sisters | 231 | 78 (34) | 166 | 6 (4) | <0.01 |
| Collagen-associated disordersd | |||||
| - AAA | 59 | 1 (2) | 84 | 1 (1) | 1.00 |
| - Inguinal hernia | 55 | 7 (13) | 84 | 1 (1) | 0.62 |
| - Cardiac valve prolapse | 58 | 0 (0) | 84 | 2 (2) | 0.23 |
| - Varicose veins | 55 | 5 (9) | 84 | 8 (10) | 0.53 |
| - Intervertebral disc displacement | 53 | 9 (17) | 84 | 8 (10) | 0.78 |
| - Umbilical hernia | 53 | 0 (0) | 84 | 1 (1) | 0.48 |
| - Joint hypermobility | 63 | 0 (0) | 82 | 2 (2) | 0.23 |
| - Rectal prolapse | 53 | 0 (0) | 84 | 0 (0) | 1.00 |
| Presence of collagen-associated disordere | 63 | 12 (19) | 84 | 12 (14) | 0.82 |
| Fascia wound dehiscence | 53 | 0 (0) | 84 | 0 (0) | 1.00 |
| Diaphragmatic hernia | 52 | 1 (2) | 84 | 2 (2) | 0.61 |
p value for difference between POP and control groups using Fisher’s Exact test except for patient characteristics for which Kruskal–Wallis test was used
POP pelvic organ prolapse, BMI body mass index, AAA abdominal aorta aneurysm
aIncluding former smokers
bIncluding post-menopausal women using hormone replacement therapy
cIncluding asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchitis and other pulmonary diseases
dMultiple diagnoses per person possible
eAt least one of the collagen-associated disorders mentioned above