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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Nov 18.
Published in final edited form as: J Ethnopharmacol. 2011 Sep 21;138(2):364–372. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.09.011

Figure 2. CSE regulates IL-1ß (A), TNF-α (B) and iNOS (C) mRNA in THP-1 cells.

Figure 2

THP-1 cells were differentiated to macrophages using PMA and then incubated with 10 ng/ml IL-1ß alone or following pretreatment with 5 μg/ml CSE. The alterations of mRNA levels were analyzed using RT-qPCR. Results are expressed as fold changes (mean ± SD) versus controls. * indicates significant differences compared to cells treated only with IL-1ß (p< 0.05). # indicates significant differences compared to untreated cells (p< 0.05).