(a) Bray–Curtis similarity of Early Eocene pollen floras from different North American and European sites. Numbers on the cluster nodes indicate bootstrap support through 1000 random replicates. (b) Location of North American Early Eocene sites used in panel (a). SF, Stenkul Fiord; MB, MacKenzie Basin; NS, North Slope; BHB, Bighorn Basin; PRB, Powder River Basin; WB, Williston Basin; VA, Virginia; USG, US Gulf Coast. European sites are off the map. (c) Distance decay of Early Eocene pollen flora composition with increasing sampling distance using the Bray–Curtis metric. Dashed line at 6000 km indicates the breakpoint.