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. 2012 Feb 20;3:29. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2012.00029

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Schematic representation of the kidney involvement in the pathogenesis of sympathetic hyperactivity. Minimal kidney damage, not necessarily affecting kidney function, results in area(s) of ischemia. This results in increased afferent nerve activity and increased levels of AngII in plasma and CNS. Increased central sympathetic outflow affects many organs also including the cardiovascular system. In addition, AngII may enhance sympathetic activity on the peripheral level.