FIG. 3.

FFAs blocked glucose-stimulated β-cell proliferation in vivo in mice. A and B: Pancreas sections obtained after infusion were immunostained for insulin (green) and BrdU (red) (A) or for insulin (green), PCNA (red), and Hoechst (blue) (B). C–E: Quantification of β-cell BrdU (C), PCNA (D), and Ki67 (E) staining confirmed that glucose increased proliferation (GLU vs. SAL). Elevated FFAs did not alter basal proliferation (LIP vs. SAL) but blocked glucose-stimulated (L+G vs. GLU) proliferation. F–H: β-Cell mass, the product of pancreas weight (F) and % islet area (G) was not statistically different in any of the groups (H). I: The cross-sectional area of individual β-cells was reduced in LIP mice and increased in L+G mice. Data are mean ± SEM; P values by ANOVA. ns, nonsignificant. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001. (A high-quality digital representation of this figure is available in the online issue.)