Table 2.

Characteristics Among Adult Subjects Without Diabetes at Baseline (1987–1989) and Incident Diabetes by Case, Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study

Baseline Characteristics	Full Cohort (n = 12,800)			Incident Diabetes Case Definitiona
				ARIC Study (n = 1,441)			Self-Report (n = 293)			Multiple Evidence (n = 186)
	No.	%	Mean (SD)	No.	%	Mean (SD)	No.	%	Mean (SD)	No.	%	Mean (SD)
Total incident cases
Visit 2 (1990–1992)				741			128			82
Visit 3 (1993–1995)				394			78			53
Visit 4 (1996–1998)				306			87			51
Male		44			50			46			49
Black race		23			33			32			37
Age, years			54 (5.7)			54 (5.6)			54 (5.2)			54 (5.7)
High school graduate		80			72			70			69
Body mass indexb			27 (5)			30 (5.6)			30 (5.4)			31 (5.2)
Waist/hip ratio			0.919 (0.08)			0.959 (0.07)			0.957 (0.07)			0.966 (0.06)
Metabolic syndrome, yes		30			62			54			62
Blood glucose, mg/dL			99 (9)			108 (9)			105 (10)			107 (10)
Insulin, pmol/L			77 (59)			119 (77)			117 (81)			133 (90)
Parental history of diabetes, yes		22			33			38			38
Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg			120 (18)			126 (18)			123 (16)			125 (16)
Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg			73 (11)			76 (11)			75 (10)			77 (10)
Hypertension medication use		27			42			43			47
HDL cholesterol, mg/dL			53 (17)			46 (14)			47 (14)			45 (14)
Triglycerides, mg/dL			124 (77)			154 (99)			156 (134)			168 (154)

Abbreviations: ARIC, Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities; HDL, high density lipoprotein; SD, standard deviation.

^aARIC Study: self-reported a physician’s diagnosis of diabetes, reported diabetes medication use, or had a fasting glucose measurement of ≥126 mg/dL or a nonfasting glucose measurement of ≥200 mg/dL; self-reported: self-reported a physician’s diagnosis of diabetes; multiple evidence: a minimum of 2 of the ARIC Study criteria listed above.

^bBody mass index measured as weight (kg)/height (m)².