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. 2011 Jun 30;38(2):68–74. doi: 10.5653/cerm.2011.38.2.68

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Copyright © 2011. The Korean Society for Reproductive Medicine

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Relative expression of genes related to mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway in germinal vesicle (GV) oocytes after oocyte specific homeobox 4 RNA interference. Expression of mRNA was confirmed by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis. The expression levels were calculated cycle threshold values, and then mRNA expression ratio was determined relative to that of control GV oocytes. Experiments were repeated least three times, and data was expressed as mean±SE. PKC, protein kinase; Raf1, threonin-protein kinase; MEK, mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase; Erk, extracellular signal-regulated kinase. ^aStatistical significance at p<0.05.