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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Feb 21.
Published in final edited form as: J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2007 May;48(5):490–497. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01704.x

Table 2.

Hierarchical multiple regression testing SES as moderator of the association between amount of NMC and language skills (n = 2,296)

Model 1
Model 2
Model 3
B SE β B SE β B SE β
Step 1: Control variables
 Cycle 1.85** .58 .06 1.88*** .58 .06 1.90*** .58 .06
 Age in months .16 .1 .03 .25* .10 .05 .26* .10 .05
 Birth weight −3.08** 1.16 −.05 −2.93* 1.16 −.05 −3.01** 1.15 −.05
 Language (French) −1.01 .74 −.03 −1.14 .73 −.03 −1.22 .73 −.03
 Language (French/English) −3.84 2.34 −.03 −4.35 2.34 −.04 −4.34 2.33 −.04
 Language (others) −13.17*** 1.02 −.26 −12.92*** 1.03 −.25 −13.26*** 1.03 −.26
 Breast-feeding −1.69* .74 −.05 −1.78* .74 −.05 −1.73* .74 −.05
 Maternal age .47*** .06 .16 .40*** .07 .13 .42*** .07 .14
 Maternal depression −.05 .07 −.02 −.03 .07 −.01 −.04 .07 −.01
 Smoking −.13* .06 −.05 −.09 .06 −.03 −.09 .06 −.03
 Family functioning −.24*** .06 −.08 −.21*** .06 −.07 −.20*** .06 −.07
 Siblings −3.02*** .33 −.19 −2.95*** .34 −.18 −2.93*** .33 −.18
Step 2: main effects
 SES (low) −3.20*** .77 −.09 −4.09*** .83 −.11
 Part-time NMC −1.91 1.02 −.04 −1.85 1.10 −.04
 Full-time NMC −.80 .88 −.02 −2.35* .94 −.06
Step 3: two-way interaction
 Low SES* part-time −1.59 2.75 −.01
 Low SES* Full-time 10.37*** 2.34 .10

Note. Δ R2 = .140 for Step 1; Δ R2 = .147 for Step 2; Δ R2 = .155 for Step 3 (ps < .001).

***

p < .001;

**

p < .01;

*

p < .05.