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. 2012 Feb 21;7(2):e32102. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032102

Figure 3. Time course of the effect of HIV-1 on cytokine secretion of MDM exposed to antibody opsonised IE.

Figure 3

MDM from 3 donors cultured as described in Figure 1 were infected with HIV-1Ba-L (•) or mock-infected (○) and primed for 48 hrs with IFNγ then exposed to IE opsonised with 9% pooled immune serum (IE-PPS) at a target to cell ratio of 20∶1. At the indicated time points culture supernatants were collected for (A) IL-1β, (B) TNF and (C) IL-6 cytokine measurement. Data are means of MDM derived from 3 donors plus-minus SEM. Statistical analysis was carried out using the generalised estimating equations method which indicated that mock-infected MDM secreted significantly higher levels of cytokines compared to HIV-1 infected MDM (p = 0.026, IL-1β; p = 0.047, TNF; p = 0.019, IL-6).