Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of patients classified according to renal function
| Variable | All | eGFR ≥60 mlmL/m/1.73 m2 (n = 177) | eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73m2 (n = 196) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 68 ± 12 | 64 ± 13 | 73 ± 10 | <0.0001 |
| Male (%) | 80 | 88 | 74 | 0.001 |
| Heart rate (b.p.m.) | 75 ± 15 | 74 ± 16 | 76 ± 14 | 0.24 |
| BMI | 26.4 ± 4.3 | 26.5 ± 4.0 | 26.2 ± 4.5 | 0.50 |
| Ischaemic CM (%) | 47 | 37 | 57 | 0.006 |
| Hypertensive CM (%) | 15 | 14 | 16 | 0.37 |
| Idiopathic CM (%) | 37 | 49 | 27 | 0.0001 |
| DM (%) | 21 | 13 | 28 | <0.0001 |
| History of hypertension | 40 | 38 | 42 | 0.05 |
| Atrial fibrillation (%) | 19 | 14 | 23 | 0.03 |
| Loop diuretics (%) | 89 | 83 | 94 | <0.0001 |
| ACE inhibitors (%) | 74 | 84 | 64 | <0.0001 |
| Beta-blockers (%) | 69 | 78 | 60 | 0.0002 |
| Aldosterone antagonists (%) | 58 | 56 | 60 | 0.64 |
| Digoxin (%) | 19 | 18 | 19 | 0.64 |
| NYHA class >II (%) | 45 | 29 | 60 | <0.0001 |
| Framingham HF score | 1.0 (0.5–2.0) | 1.0 (0.5–1.5) | 1.5 (0.5–2.5) | <0.0001 |
| Systolic BP (mmHg) | 124 ± 16 | 125 ± 10 | 122 ± 10 | 0.09 |
| Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 73 ± 10 | 75 ± 9 | 72 ± 10 | 0.002 |
| LV EDVi (ml/m2) | 113 ± 34 | 110 ± 32 | 116 ± 35 | 0.09 |
| LV ESVi (mL/m2) | 80 ± 31 | 76 ± 28 | 83 ± 33 | 0.04 |
| LVEF (%) | 31 ± 9 | 32 ± 8 | 30 ± 9 | 0.03 |
| Left atrial size (mm) | 49 ± 7 | 48 ± 7 | 50 ± 6 | 0.02 |
| Mitral regurgitation (%) | 30 | 23 | 37 | 0.003 |
| E/A ratio | 1.8 ± 1.5 | 1.7 ± 1.4 | 1.8 ± 1.6 | 0.71 |
| EDT (ms) | 156 ± 53 | 163 ± 54 | 150 ± 51 | 0.03 |
| TAPSE (mm) | 18 ± 5 | 19 ± 5 | 17 ± 5 | <0.0001 |
| PASP (mmHg) | 40 ± 12 | 39 ± 12 | 42 ± 11 | 0.006 |
| eRAP (mmHg) | 6 ± 3 | 6 ± 3 | 7 ± 4 | 0.11 |
| NT-proBNP (pg/mL)a | 1687 (749–3888) | 1285 (507–2596) | 2644 (1090–5835) | <0.0001 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.4 ± 0.7 | 1.8 ± 0.8 | 1.0 ± 0.2 | <0.0001 |
ACE, angiotensin-converting enzyme; BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; CM, cardiomyopathy; DM, diabetes mellitus; EDT, E wave deceleration time; EDVi, end-diastolic volume index; ESVi, end-systolic volume index; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HF, heart failure; LV, left ventricular; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; NT-proBNP, N-terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide; NYHA, New York Heart Association; PASP, pulmonary artery systolic blood pressure; eRAP, estimated right atrial pressure; TAPSE, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion.
aMedian and interquartile range.